Finding scrap metal is a good way to make money. How to find hardware? How to get it, because often the metal does not lie on the surface, but is hidden in the thickness of the earth? How to choose a metal detector and set it up for an optimal search? All these and other questions will be answered in this article.

Choosing a metal detector

This is where the journey of any recycled metal collector should begin. Which metal detector is the best for finding scrap metal? In fact, almost any - the brand and the price do not play a special role. Even the simplest and cheapest device can find metal underground. Moreover, choosing an expensive professional metal detector, you significantly increase its payback period. Is it worth it?

An inexpensive model for 5000-6000 rubles will pay off in the near future: for this you just need to hand over about a ton of metal. But if you bought an expensive metal detector for 40-50 thousand, then consider for yourself how much time and effort you need to spend to “recoup” this money.

Someone will argue that professional metal detectors are better, and they are more expensive for a reason. Of course, they have a larger search radius, they search deeper, and they perfectly distinguish between ferrous and non-ferrous metals. The question here is whether these characteristics are important to you. After all, if the secondary metal is collected for delivery, then its type does not matter. The depth of occurrence also does not play a special role. Ferrous metal is found in large sizes, and, as a rule, even the weakest metal detector "senses" it.

Where to find scrap metal?

When you have decided on the technique, it's time to think about where to search for scrap metal. Fields are promising areas, and it doesn't matter if they are currently being cultivated or not. After all, there can be many broken parts from equipment that were previously left right on the field. Pay special attention to the edges. Working with a metal detector in this way, you can gain up to 200 kg from one field in just a couple of hours of work.

It is worth looking into agricultural buildings: sheds, farms, haylings and others. Do not bypass industrial buildings such as repair shops, abandoned hangars and workshops, forges and car services. A lot of non-ferrous metal can be found in industrial waste dumps, but the competition is fierce. If you're lucky, you can find spent cartridges at an abandoned training ground.

But where you should not go is to places of potential recreation of people. There are often a lot of cans and beer cans, as well as other garbage. So the metal detector signals will be simply useless.

How to work with a metal detector

Finding scrap metal with a metal detector is a very simple process. You come to the site, take out the equipment from the cover and begin to comb it methodically, trying not to miss the slightest piece. Remember that metal can lie deep under the surface of the earth, especially black, since things made of it are quite massive. Therefore, you have to dig a lot. Do not forget to grab a shovel, and be sure to throw earth into the holes behind you.

Metal detector settings

Even the best metal detector for finding scrap metal will be useless if you do not know how to handle it or have incorrectly set the settings for operation. The optimal frequency will be 3 kHz. Inexpensive metal detectors have an operating frequency of the coil of 6.5 kHz, which is also suitable for searching. And high-frequency metal detectors with parameters of 10 kHz and higher are undesirable for collecting metal: due to the accuracy in finding small objects, their depth suffers.

Before starting work, do not forget to set the "All metals" mode, otherwise your device will not react to all types of secondary metal.

Scrap metal search with a magnet

A search magnet is a good addition to a metal detector. It will come in handy when working in areas with water bodies, as well as where it is impossible to work with a shovel. The magnet is an alloy of iron with boron and neodymium, enclosed in a durable steel case. Magnets differ in power, alloy composition, degree of magnetization and other characteristics. There are single- and double-sided magnets, which directly affects the convenience of work and the distance from which you can search. In addition, the weight of the magnet varies.

The neodymium magnet is virtually permanent and does not demagnetize. For 10 years of continuous operation, it can lose only 1% of its original power. However, you need to be careful not to heat the magnet, otherwise it will lose most of its search properties.

As you know, in August last year the so-called law "On metal detectors" came into force. This gave rise to many questions from those citizens for whom the so-called "instrument search" is a favorite hobby. Let's figure out what this law is and where it is possible to dig with a metal detector according to the law.

The full title of the adopted law is “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in the Part of Suppressing Illegal Activities in the Field of Archeology” dated 23.07.2013, No. 245-FZ. According to him:

1. The state is the owner of ANY finds from the field of archaeological heritage, as well as archaeological objects that are discovered by citizens on the surface, in the earth layer and under water.
2. For the removal of archaeological finds from their place of occurrence, if this entailed the destruction of the cultural layer, it is envisaged to bring to criminal responsibility. Important: according to the legislation, the cultural layer refers to the layer under water or in the ground, if it contains traces of human activity, which is more than a hundred years old.
3. Further, the law concerns the acquisition and sale of cultural heritage items.

At first glance, this law finally deprives citizens of the right to dig anywhere with a metal detector. But this is not the case. In fact, in essence, the law has remained unchanged in the sense that searching with a metal detector and unauthorized excavations have been prohibited since Soviet times, and have remained prohibited. But at the same time, there are a number of situations in which these actions are completely legal.

Firstly, you can search and dig in places where the presence of old settlements and other traces of human activity older than a century has not been recorded. If, during such a search, any archaeological objects are found, they must be handed over to the state, since, as stated in the law, the state is the owner of everything that is found in the ground or under water.

Secondly, let's say a search with a metal detector on public beaches, due to the fact that there is no cultural layer there, and the finds, accordingly, cannot be of historical value and are not archaeological items.

Thirdly, you can search in fields where plowing by tractors takes place every year - there is also no cultural layer there.

Those who criticize the adopted law should pay attention to the fact that its new edition, on the contrary, has become much clearer. For example, the definition of the cultural layer "more than a hundred years", and not "traces of human existence in previous eras", as it sounded in a similar law of Soviet times, makes it possible to dig where this very cultural layer is absent.

Bau Mix specialists will carry out the reconstruction of buildings and structures, the construction and reconstruction of buildings and structures in Novosibirsk, will competently draw up a building reconstruction project for you.

Today, any woman who has reached the age of 55 can retire, and a man - 60. In cases of reaching this age, a person has the right to write a letter of resignation in ...

Treasure hunting in Russia is rapidly gaining popularity. Over the past few years, over two million metal detectors, sensors and other auxiliary equipment have been purchased on the territory of the Russian Federation to carry out excavations. However, relatively recent legislative innovations ban the further activities of amateur archaeologists in the field of treasure hunting.

Citizens looking for antiques and treasure hunting can be divided into 4 categories:

• Archaeologists - individuals authorized to carry out excavations and treasure hunting. Their activity is legalized by obtaining an open list (permission);
• Search engines - illegal seekers with metal detectors and other search equipment, reporting their findings to archaeologists;
• Treasure hunters - avid collectors studying the archives of antiquity in order to find the treasure;
• Black diggers - offenders destroying the cultural layer protected by law for the purpose of illegal treasure hunting. Archaeological values ​​stolen in this way from the state, including abroad, are being sold.

Federal Law "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Regarding the Suppression of Illegal Activities in the Field of Archeology" N 245-FZ, adopted by the State Duma on July 2. FZ-245 was approved by the Federal Council on July 10, 2013, entered into force on July 23 of the same year.

This law was adopted, first of all, in the framework of the fight against black diggers. But the destructive incompetent actions of representatives of the second and third categories in the field of treasure hunting are also prohibited.

This normative act regulates the ways of granting state protection to items of archaeological value. FZ-245 establishes changes in individual Federal laws in order not to suppress illegal treasure hunting and the appropriation of state treasures.

The latest revision of the current Federal Law, nicknamed among the population "a ban on metal detectors and treasure hunting", was carried out on October 22, 2016. The amendment abolished paragraph 3 of article 6.

What's new in the law?

Previously, the activities of black seekers and amateur treasure hunters were not regulated by any legal act in the Russian Federation. And at the same time, the consequences of willful treasure hunting often entailed irreparable destruction of archaeological layers that preserved a long history of human existence (more than 100 years). In this regard, it was required to introduce changes in Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

The provisions of the new law on treasure hunting amended Law N 4804-1 "On the Export and Import of Cultural Property"... According to Article 1 FZ-245, in relation to an attempt to illegally export objects of architectural or cultural value outside the Russian Federation, punishment is provided. The measure of responsibility for this violation is determined by Russian legislation.

This Federal Law amends the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Codex text updated article 243.2 introducing new regulations on illegal treasure hunting. According to paragraph 1 of the specified article, amateur treasure hunting is prohibited and the removal of cultural property found in the process from the ground or under the water column. The reason for the ban is the destruction of the cultural layer that the inept actions of amateur archaeologists can cause.

If the act of illegal treasure hunting occurs on the territory of cultural monuments, citizens committing a criminal act are subject to a fine equivalent to the amount of the person's salary for the biennium, or imprisonment for up to 4 years ( Clause 1 of Article 243.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

A large fine of up to 1 million rubles or a punishment in the form of stay in places of imprisonment for up to 6 years is punishable by the corresponding acts Clause 2 of Article 243.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation):

• Treasure hunting with the help of technical means, which include metal detectors and radars, which make it possible to establish the location of metal treasures;
• Search for treasure by an official exceeding his authority;
• Committed by a group of people previously conspiring to carry out illegal treasure hunting.

According to the provisions of the new law on the use of the metal detector 245-FZ and the amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation introduced through its standards, for carrying out archaeological work and treasure hunting, you need permission to organize these events - open sheet.

To get an open sheet the applicant must contact the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. The regulation of treatment is carried out in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 20, 2014 No. 127... The basis for obtaining a permit is the documentation confirming the legal right of this citizen to take part in the excavations as a specialist archaeologist. Amateur treasure hunters are not issued a permit to search for treasure with the help of a metal detector and other means of simplifying the search for items of national cultural heritage.

Is it legal to search with a metal detector?

According to the current treasure hunting law and article 243.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the use of metal detectors, digging machines and radars is strictly prohibited.

But the same article indicates that a strict prohibition is imposed on causing damage to the cultural layer, whose age is over 100 years old... Searching for objects is also punishable. of cultural and archaeological value... It is not easy to prove that a person was engaged in an illegal search for archaeological objects at the time of arrest. Thus, good reasons are needed to bring such an accusation against a citizen.

The use of the metal detector outside of places of cultural value and the presence of ancient burials or cities, not regulated at the moment by any applicable Federal law. But given the fact that nowadays unexplored cultural layers can be found anywhere in the Russian Federation, it is better to refrain from treasure hunting with the help of a metal detector - to avoid breaking the law.

Download the law on treasure hunting in the Russian Federation

For a more detailed acquaintance with the amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in relation to treasure hunting, you should refer to the provision of the Federal Law "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation regarding the suppression of illegal activities in the field of archeology" N 245-FZ. The current text of FZ-245 can be downloaded by

In addition to coins, there is a great variety of scrap metal in the ground. And we, passing with a metal detector, sometimes catch such objects. Usually they stay there: either in the ground, or next to a hole, or fly away into the bushes. But is it worth taking this ferrous metal with you?

If you have your own transport

If you get to the cop by your own transport, it is definitely worth it! If you are not lazy and throw plowshares, hub rings and other ferrous metal debris into the trunk, which we hate, then during the season you will have a pretty heap of metal, which in the fall you can take to a metal collection point and hand it over for a good amount. Not bad? Sure! This money is easy to fill up with gasoline, set aside for digging equipment or for groceries.

It is difficult only when the car is parked far from the point of detection. For example, no one will drag the extra 10-15 kg for 1-3 km 🙂. Especially if the metal is large. Well, any loops, pins, sickles, axes can still be folded into a digger's backpack and unloaded into the trunk.

Example

I know people who are fond of cops, who sometimes go for ferrous metal on purpose. It's much more profitable than digging coins 🙂. Half a day before lunch, they manage to dig up 2-3 thousand rubles, loading the cornfield with ferrous metal. I also heard how people gave up on the car over the summer.

If there is no personal transport

If you do not have personal transport, but you get to the hunt with comrades by car, then there is also nothing to negotiate with the owner. I think he will not say anything against a pair of pieces of iron in the trunk, but everything goes to you. It's like combining business with pleasure: a hobby and additional income from a metal search.

But when traveling by public transport, you should forget about scrap metal. You can't drag the same pieces of iron on a bus or train. Or a backpack full of such items.

How and where to find scrap metal

Large iron on metal detectors at depth in most cases rings with a bright color, especially on entry-level instruments. And devices more abruptly know how to already show an overload, if the Chermedin lies not far from the coil. All this can be used when searching for scrap metal.

The fields are rich in spare parts for agricultural machinery and parts from plows and other attachments. On arable land, you can dig up trucks, plowshares, plowshares, etc. quite well. And these items weigh quite a lot.

On the edges of the fields near the old driveways, there are also garbage dumps where collective farmers could throw metal there when repairing equipment. Once, while digging a hole in the house, I came across such a dump and pulled out a heap of ferrous metal, including an old wheel. This spring I wanted to take everything, but when I arrived at the place, the heap was gone.

Abandoned collective farms are great places! The concentration of scrap metal here is simply off scale! But most of these places have already been taken out by metalworkers. They knock them out in the same way as treasure hunters knock out old tracts 🙂.

Well, various abandoned objects are also a good source of scrap metal. For example, this hefty casing was found on the site of an old river port, of which no trace remains.

Even digging up the foundation, you will surely dig up not only a bunch of stones, but also ferrous metal!

Coins or scrap metal?

What's all the same to dig? Coins or ferrous metal? Definitely, it is better to combine, paying for the trip to the hunt! If you are only interested in making money, then you should not waste time on coins, but you should spend it in search and extraction of large scrap metal. Well, if you don't want to turn around and carry dirty pieces of iron, then dig coins, do your favorite hobby 😉.

I was in one village and after talking with a local, he told me that at first he dug 3 gazelles of ferrous metal, and then switched to coins, since he cleaned almost the entire village and most likely the coins themselves jumped out of the ground 😆. In the same place, when I was returning to the car, I saw how the children were driving chickens around the yard with just that grater 😆. Local residents are mastering this topic of earnings, since there is almost no work in the villages, but money is needed. Those who have money buy devices, and those who do not have them, but their hands are from the right place, they themselves are soldered and calmly dug and handed over.

Conclusion

Observe order on the hunt. Bury holes behind you and if you dug a piece of ferrous metal and do not take it with you, then throw it out of the field into the bushes so that the collective farmers do not drive on the treasure hunters. Or remove it from the path so that people do not get crippled by stumbling over a pipe or channel.

I think everyone dug deep holes in 2 - 3 bayonets, or even deeper, in the hope of a pot of copper or silver. Especially when a circular silhouette is shown, there is an adrenaline rush and the shovel works much faster. Well, and then disappointment comes when there is a rusty piece of iron instead of a cast iron ... Here is a disappointment.

Dig, guys, and you will be happy!

How to turn a walk in the forest with a metal detector into a high-quality full-fledged coin search?

A couple of years ago, search engines noticed that instrument searches can be carried out in the forest as well. Indeed, sometimes a forest, especially deciduous, grows in the places of former villages, fields and other objects of civilization, long abandoned and abandoned by people. If a search engine knows how to work with old archival maps, then it may well count on a "good catch" in the middle of the forest.

Let's deal with the nuances of forest search. How can we make it more efficient?

1. Preparation

Get ready for the forest search so that nothing distracts you at the crucial moment. Wear closed-toed clothing and sturdy-soled boots. Bring insect repellents (and a mosquito net if there are too many gnats), a snack, water, and a small first aid kit. For your favorite metal detector, take a few coils. Take a shovel that is very strong and sharp - for example, like Fiskars products. In addition to the shovel, you need to take a knife or a small hatchet. If you wish, a small hacksaw will do. It will facilitate your work in difficult situations with intertwining roots.

From navigation devices, preference should be given to GPS devices and a compass. Of course, there is no need to remind about replaceable batteries for the metal detector, which must be taken without fail. In addition, protect the coil - wrap cling film around it or put on a special cover (protective cover).

2. Learn to work with space images.

The place of the former village can be indicated by more rarely growing trees (on the map, islands of such vegetation will be lighter), as well as some geographical signs. It is known that the place for the village was chosen not far from the river, at the confluence of streams, near the lake. So look near the water - you can't go wrong. By the way, let us remind you that in addition to space images, you need to study local maps, as well as legislation. It is not recommended to search in the territories of sanctuaries and reserves.

3. Check the soil at the marked spot.

Digging a little deeper on the site of the settlement, you will notice that shards from dishes, fragments of utensils, coals, and the earth itself is more crumbly and black than forest, come across in the ground. This is immediately apparent. If the soil is exactly as described here, feel free to take out the metal detector and start searching. As for the metal detector settings, it is better to work in the All Metal mode, so as not to miss the relics.

4. Look for oddly shaped old trees.

Such in the old days usually served as landmarks, and often travelers rested under them, losing coins. These trees can also hide a treasure under their roots. Pay attention to fallen trees and holes under the roots - here, too, everything should be checked with a metal detector.

5. Working with tree roots.

Sometimes tree roots get in the way when searching in the forest. The coil has to be raised higher, this reduces the sensitivity of the metal detector, and the depth of target detection decreases. The solution may be to select a small coil and a detailed survey of the space around each tree. When digging up finds, the roots are also a problem, so do not forget to bring a knife to your search. Thin roots can be cut.

6. Concentration

If the finds on the field are usually mixed up at random - plowing with tractors makes itself felt - then in the forest many targets are concentrated on a small area. If you managed to find a valuable find, continue digging in the vicinity, within a radius of a couple of meters - and your efforts will be rewarded. By the way, in the places of villages and villages that disappeared in pre-revolutionary times, there will be no garbage in the form of vodka corks, which are very annoying when looking for settlements that disappeared in the 60-80s.

7. Search on forest trails

If you managed to find such a place, you are in luck. This road can lead just the same to the place of the missing settlement. And surely more than one thousand people have passed this road earlier. Surely some of them lost coins and various other interesting items. All "losses" usually do not lie very deep in the ground, and they can be "hooked" even with a not very sophisticated metal detector.

8. What to look for?

Coppers are usually covered with a patina that protects them from destruction. Silver coins are in excellent condition, as if they were buried the day before yesterday. Even in the forest you can find old buttons, household items, antique jewelry or various rusted ammunition, weapons, ammunition (echo of war, partisan movement). If you are "lucky" to dig up an unexploded mine - the main thing is not to throw it into the fire or shake it. In this case, the ammunition will be safe.