International Maritime Dangerous Goods Codes. Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Sea - Basic Rules, Packaging and Documentation Requirements International Code for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Sea

International maritime danger outs goods-code, IMDG-Code

The Code includes an alphabetical list of dangerous goods containing more than 5000 items as of 01.01.09).

All dangerous goods, except for the transport name, also have a UN number. The UN number is the number assigned by the UN Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods to a specific substance or article. The transport name of a dangerous goods is its name indicated in the "List of dangerous goods" (DGL lists of dangerous goods) in the IMDG.

In accordance with Part 2 of the IMDG, all dangerous goods carried by water transport are divided into 9 classes:

Class 1 - Explosives;

Class 2 - Gases, compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure;

Class 3 - Flammable liquids;

Class 4.1 - Flammable solids;

Class 4.2 - Substances liable to spontaneous combustion;

Class 4.3 - Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases;

Class 5.1 - Oxidizing substances;

Class 5.2 - Organic peroxides;

Class 6.1 - Poisonous (toxic) substances;

Class 6.2 - Infectious Substances;

Class 7 - Radioactive substances;

Class 8 - Corrosive and corrosive substances;

Class 9 - Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles.

If the dangerous goods are not listed in the IMDG DGL or in the UN Recommendations, the term N.O.S. is assigned to it. (not specifically indicated) - Not Otherwise Specified (N. O. S). Being dangerous, the cargo must be classified according to the hazard (at the request of the shipper or laboratory test report).

Containers with dangerous goods must be marked with their correct technical name.

Containers with dangerous goods must have distinctive signs of danger, made in the form of labels or posters, or applied to the package using a stencil, depending on what is acceptable, clearly indicating the hazardous properties of the goods contained in it.

Methods for applying the correct technical name to containers with dangerous goods, attaching labels or posters to them, or stenciling hazard labels on them should be such that this information remains distinguishable on containers that have been in sea water for at least three months.

Such markings and danger signs, made in the form of labels or applied by means of a stencil, must be present on all containers with dangerous goods, with the exception of:

2) cases when, by special circumstances, it is allowed for containers to be stacked and reloaded with enlarged cargo units that have distinctive hazard signs.

Stowage and securing of dangerous goods

Dangerous goods must be loaded, stowed and secured safely and appropriately according to the nature of the goods. Incompatible weights must be segregated from each other.

Explosives (excluding ammunition) that pose a serious hazard should be stored in special rooms that are securely locked during the voyage. Such explosives must be separated from detonators. Electrical apparatus and cables in all spaces in which explosives are transported must be designed and used in such a way as to minimize the risk of fire or explosion.

Dangerous goods transported in containers that emit hazardous vapors must be stowed in a ventilated room or on a deck. Dangerous goods transported in bulk that give off hazardous vapors should be stored in well-ventilated areas.

On ships carrying flammable liquids or gases, special precautions must be taken against fire or explosion.

Substances liable to self-heating or spontaneous combustion should not be transported without taking appropriate precautions to minimize the possibility of fire.

All cargo, except for bulk and liquid cargo, must be loaded, stowed and secured throughout the voyage in accordance with the Cargo Securing Manual approved by the Administration.

Container for transportation of dangerous goods

The packaging of dangerous goods must:

be of high quality and in good condition;

have such an inner surface that does not lend itself to the dangerous effects of the contents in case of possible contact with it;

withstand the normal risk of loading and unloading and shipping by sea.

Absorbent or cushioning material used to pack containers of liquid must:

1) minimize the hazard that the liquid can cause;

2) exclude the movement of the vessel and encircle it from all sides;

3) as far as practicable and practically possible, be in an amount sufficient to absorb liquid in case of damage to the vessel.

Cylinders or receptacles for pressurized gases must be suitably constructed, tested, properly filled and maintained in good condition.

Empty, uncleaned receptacles carrying dangerous goods shall be subject to the rules relating to filled receptacles unless adequate measures have been taken to render such empty receptacles completely safe.

The Code sets out basic principles, detailed recommendations for individual substances, materials and articles, and a set of guidelines for good operating practice, including advice on terminology, packaging, labeling, warehousing, segregation and handling and handling. emergency situations.

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code - IMDG

MMOG- serves the purposes of ensuring the safe transportation of dangerous goods by sea, protecting the crews of ships and preventing pollution of the marine environment. The main provisions of the code are based on the UN recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. At the same time, the code contains such important provisions in relation to the specifics of the carriage of dangerous goods by sea, such as the placement and separation of dangerous goods on board ships, actions in emergency situations, the carriage of sea pollutants and other issues related to ensuring transport safety at sea in general.

Transportation of dangerous goods

The latest current edition of 2010, including amendments 35-10, is valid until 2013 and consists of two volumes and an addition.

1 volume

Part 1. General provisions, definitions and training of personnel:

General provisions;
Definitions, units of measure and abbreviations;
Personnel training;
Security Regulation;
General provisions for dangerous goods of class 7.

Part 2. Classification:

Introduction;
Classes 1-9;
Pollutants of the sea.

Explosives and products;
Gases;
Flammable liquids;
Flammable solids, substances liable to spontaneous combustion;
Substances that emit flammable gases in contact with water;
Oxidizing agents and organic peroxides;
Toxic and infectious substances;
Radioactive materials;
Corrosive substances;
Miscellaneous dangerous substances and products.

Part 3. For the list of hazardous substances, special provisions and exclusions, see volume 2.

Part 4. Packing and tank provisions:

Use of packagings, including intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and large packagings;
Use of portable tanks and multi-element gas containers (MEGCs);
Use of bulk containers.

Part 5. Departure procedures:

General provisions;
Marking and hazard labels of cargo units, including (IBC);
Hazard labels and marking of cargo transport units;
Documentation;
Special provisions.

Part 6. Design and testing of packagings, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs), large packagings, demountable tanks, multi-element gas containers (MEGCs) and tank trucks:

Regulations on the design and testing of containers;
Regulations for the design and testing of pressure vessels, aerosol dispensers and small containers containing gas (gas cartridges) and fuel sectional cartridges containing liquefied combustible gas;
Regulations on the design and testing of containers for category A infectious substances;
Provisions for the construction, testing and approval of Class 7 packages and materials;
The Regulations for the Construction and Testing of Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs);
Provisions for the design and testing of large containers;
Regulations for the design, construction, inspection and testing of portable tanks and multi-element gas containers (MEGCs);
Tanker Regulations;
Regulations for the clearance, construction, inspection and testing of bulk containers.

Part 7. Provisions concerning transport operations:

Placement of dangerous goods;
Separation of dangerous goods;
Special provisions for accident and fire safety related to dangerous goods;
Carriage of cargo transport units on ships;
Transportation of dangerous goods in lighters on lighter carriers;
Temperature control provisions;
Waste transportation;
Exceptions, Approvals and Certificates.

Volume 2

Part 3. List of dangerous goods, special provisions and exclusions:

General provisions;
List of dangerous goods;
Special provisions applicable to certain substances, materials and articles;
Limited quantities;
Packing of dangerous goods in exceptional quantities.

International Management Code for Safe Operation - ISM Code

International Safety Management Code - means the international management code for the safe operation of ships and pollution prevention.

Ship safety management

The objectives of the International Safety Management Code are to ensure maritime safety, prevent accidents or loss of life, and avoid damage to the environment, in particular the marine environment and property.

International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk - IBC

IBC Code- provides an international standard for the safe carriage of hazardous and noxious liquid chemicals in bulk by sea to minimize risks to ships, their crews and environment, the code provides for the design and construction of ships and equipment that they have, taking into account the properties of the transported goods.

Safe transportation of chemical goods

The purpose of the code is to establish international standard on the safe sea transportation in bulk, hazardous chemical goods and hazardous liquid substances listed in the code. The Code prescribes standards for the design and construction of ships, regardless of the tonnage used for such carriage, and the equipment they must have, in order, taking into account the properties of the transported products, to reduce to a minimum the danger to the ship, its crew and the environment.

International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk - IGC

This code was developed with the aim of providing an international standard for the safe carriage by sea in bulk of liquefied gases and certain other substances. The Code defines the design and constructional features of such vessels and the equipment they must have.

Equipment for ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk

The purpose of the code is to provide an international standard for the safe transportation by sea, in bulk of liquefied gases and some other substances, an assignment for design and construction according to the standards of ships involved in such transportation. Availability of equipment necessary to minimize the risk to the vessel, its crew and the environment, taking into account the properties of the cargo being transported.

International Convention for Safe Containers Codex - CSC

The Safe Container Convention has two objectives:

The first- maintaining a high level of safety of human life in transport and during container handling, providing generally acceptable test procedures and corresponding strength requirements;
The second- is to facilitate the international transport of containers, ensuring uniform international safety regulations, equally applicable to all types of land transport. In this way, the proliferation of different national safety regulations can be avoided.

The requirements of the convention apply to most freight containers used internationally, with the exception of those specifically designed for transport by air.

Safe shipping containers

The convention limits the minimum size of containers, requires corner fittings - devices that allow containers to be fastened or stacked.

Technical Applications

The convention includes two annexes:

Appendix I - includes rules for testing, inspection, and maintenance of containers;
Appendix II - includes structural requirements for safety and tests, including details of test procedures.

International Code for the Safe Transport of Solid Bulk Cargoes - IMSB

Provides guidance for bulk carrier owners and captains, charterers, terminal operators and other interested parties for the safe movement, loading and unloading of solid bulk cargo. The recommendations contained in the code may correspond to terminal and port requirements or national standards.

It primarily covers the safety of ships loading and unloading solid bulk cargo, excluding grain, and reflects current issues, best practices and legal requirements. Broader safety and pollution prevention requirements, issues such as those covered by SOLAS, MARPOL and the Load Line Convention, which have not previously been specifically included in the code.

International Code for the Safe Transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium and Highly Radioactive Waste in Containers on Ships - SNF Code

The Code establishes the material specification and conformity of ships for the carriage of radioactive cargo.

The list of materials referenced in the code includes:

Irradiated nuclear fuel - material containing uranium, thorium and plutonium isotopes that has been used to sustain a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction;
Plutonium - the resulting mixture of isotopes as a result of extraction by reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuel;
High levels of radioactive liquid waste generated during the extraction and processing of radioactive materials.

Specific provisions in the code cover a number of issues, including:

Damage to stability;
Fire protection;
Temperature control of cargo spaces;
Structural changes;
Cargo fasteners;
Electrical equipment;
Radiological protection of equipment and management plans;
Emergency training for the ship's crew.

The Code establishes three categories of ships carrying SNF, depending on the total activity of the cargo:

INF 1 class - ships for the carriage of cargo with a total activity of less than 4000 TBq (measurement of radioactivity) or (4 x 1015Bq);
INF 2 class - ships for the carriage of irradiated nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive waste with a total activity of less than 2 l6TBq, (2 x 1018Bq) and ships that are certified for the carriage of plutonium with a total activity of less than 2 105TBq (2 x 1017Bq );
INF 3 class - ships for the carriage of irradiated nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive waste, plutonium, without limiting the maximum total reactivity of materials.

SNF Code- obliges the shipowner to obtain an international certificate of conformity of the vessel for the carriage of dangerous goods and to carry out surveys in accordance with SOLAS in the future.

Articles 46 and 49 C.F.R. - the US Code of Federal Regulations

Article 46 C.F.R.- contains rules for the carriage of dangerous goods in bulk, compatibility of cargoes (Compatibility of Cargoes). A list of incompatible cargoes and the rules for handling them are presented. The main document on the compatibility of goods, "Compatibility chart", is presented in the form of a table with the names of goods arranged in such a way that when comparing, the required answer is obtained on the compatibility of opposite dangerous and other goods intended for loading.

Subsection C- hazardous materials, the provisions of "Training requirements" (Requirements for training) - contains a description of the requirements for the training of personnel HAZMAT (Hazardous Materials), that is, all participants in the transport of dangerous goods, methods of prevention and safe service of all logistics for the movement of dangerous goods. Frequency of training and theoretical training, maintaining the necessary reporting and reports on the state and possible emerging circumstances.

Article 49 C.F.R.- has the title "Transportation of dangerous goods", refers only to the carriage of goods in packaging and does not apply to goods transported in bulk or in bulk.

It provides for special requirements for the command and rank personnel responsible for cargo operations on ships carrying hazardous substances in packaging.

The training of personnel responsible for carrying out cargo operations in the transport of dangerous goods should consist of three parts:

General part - concepts, definitions, basic requirements for the handling and storage of dangerous goods on board;
Application of the basic principles for handling dangerous goods to ship operation;
Ensuring safety - understanding the harmfulness of a particular substance, using protective equipment, acting in emergency situations associated with the transport of dangerous goods.

Despite the fact that, according to all international requirements, appropriate training of personnel for handling dangerous goods must be carried out every 5 years, the US Coast Guard requires that such training of personnel be carried out at an interval of at least once every two years. All requirements for the execution of shipping documents required for the carriage of dangerous goods are specified in subsection "C". When filling out the documents, a certain sequence and requirements should be followed.

Firstly if the hazardous material intended for transportation is not included in the list of these rules, then its description must be entered in the shipping documents in a color distinct from the text of the document, highlighted with a marker, or the letters "X" or "RQ" must be placed before the name of the material. The description of the material should not contain codes and abbreviations not provided for by these rules.

Secondly, the description of the material may contain additional information about the cargo, if the information does not contradict the required description rules.

Thirdly if the shipping documents contain more than one page, then the first page must indicate the total number of pages, and each subsequent page must be marked so that the page number from the total number of pages is indicated.

Fourth, the documents must indicate the telephone numbers for emergency communication, in the event of an incident with the cargo, as defined in subsection "C" of these rules.

Marking on dangerous goods

Each package must contain the markings prescribed by these rules and an identification number... Moreover, if a package contains more than 1,000 gallons of hazardous material, the label must be affixed to each side and end of the package. If the package contains less than 1,000 gallons of hazardous material, the marking must be applied to two opposite sides of the package. The marking must be reliable, made in black or contrasting color with the packaging, the inscriptions must be made on English language, the marking should be located separately from all other types of marking.

The main difference between the requirements of C.F.R. from the IMDG labeling requirements that C.F.R. provide for special marking of dangerous goods in domestic transport. In addition to the UN number, the marking must include the TECHNICAL NAME of the cargo, as well as the address of the sender. Further, clear instructions are given regarding the size of the inscriptions, their location on containers and transport units, special symbols and designations that are used when marking each hazard class. In accordance with the requirements of these rules, all dangerous goods are divided into classes.

First Aid Rules for Dangerous Goods Incidents - MFAG

Guidelines for providing first medical care in cases involving dangerous goods (MFAG), is an appendix to the International Medical Guide for Ships. The instructions given in this manual relate to substances, materials and items that are included in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code and materials included in Appendix B of the Code for the Safe Transport of Bulk Cargoes. This guidance should be used in conjunction with information from the IMDG. It is intended to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of chemical poisoning within the capabilities available on board. Information on the treatment of diseases of a general nature and not related to chemical poisoning can be found in the IMGS.

Minor injuries, including chemical injuries, usually do not cause serious consequences if the appropriate first aid measures described in this manual... Although the number of known serious accidents is small, accidents, including those involving chemicals that are toxic or corrosive, can be hazardous and should be considered potential serious until each victim has fully recovered or until appropriate medical report... Any person injured by chemical poisoning should be examined by a doctor at the next port of call.

In the Guide, chemicals are grouped into tables according to their chemical properties.
Within a group, there may be varying degrees of toxicity. Where a chemical, chemical solution, or mixture is NUK, that is, not specifically listed in the IMDG Code, it is included in a table that consists of the medical toxicity expected from poisoning with that substance. For such consignments, a number other than those specified in the IMDG Code may be declared if such a number is more appropriate. It is sometimes impossible to compile a table at all due to the wide variety of possible medical consequences, and general guidance on appropriate treatment is provided for these situations.

The tables themselves provide general information about a specific group of chemicals and indicate possible toxic effects. The treatments recommended in this guide are discussed either in the appropriate section or in the appropriate table. However, there are differences between countries for certain types of treatment, and when these differences do exist, they differ in the respective national medical guidelines.

Under these circumstances, when you suspect, but are not sure, that the patient suffers from chemical poisoning, you should familiarize yourself with the necessary information in the "Diagnosis of Poisoning" section of this manual.

What is Dangerous Goods?

Dangerous goods are any objects, characteristics and properties that can:

threaten human life and health;
cause irreparable harm to the environment;
lead to damage to material objects.

Substances fall under this designation:

that can explode due to friction or detonation, leaving massive destruction;
highly flammable due to temperature or other factors;
causing a corrosive process in ordinary storage containers, which may lead to the release of the substance;
belonging to the category of strong poisons, dangerous to human life and health.

IMDG Code is the main document regulating the carriage of dangerous goods by sea.

Classification

According to GOST, classes of dangerous goods are distinguished:

substances capable of causing an explosion;
compressed gas substances dissolved under pressure;
flammable and easily flammable liquids;
solids that are easy to ignite; spontaneously combustible substances; goods that, when exposed to water, emit gases that are prone to ignition;
oxidizing loads; organic peroxides;
poisonous goods, as well as goods that can cause infection;
radioactive cargo;
corrosive and corrosive substances;
other goods hazardous to humans and the environment.

There are allocated on the basis of their characteristics and the degree of danger.

The captain is responsible for the readiness of the vessel for the carriage of dangerous goods.

Transportation rules

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) was developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The Code is often edited and supplemented. It includes 4 parts, based on which it is possible to identify the key rules of transportation according to the IMDG Code.

Dangerous goods must be stowed and secured so that safety standards are not violated. The method of securing the cargo depends on its properties, hazard class.
Explosive class cargo, fit into special rooms. The premises must be locked during transport. There should be no detonators near such a load.
Cargoes belonging to the class of substances emitting hazardous vapors, fit into a special room where ventilation is provided.
To goods belonging to the class of liquids or gases liable to ignition, special measures must be taken to prevent a fire.
On a ship through which export or import transportation is carried out, a set of IMDG Code should be available.
Import or export carriage of dangerous goods cannot be carried out without complying with the IMDG Code, however, in the event of force majeure, actions are possible that are not included in the code, the direction to rescue people and cargo.
When transporting goods for which a special temperature and humidity regime is required, the carrier will be required to provide a Certificate of Cargo Characteristics.
The ship must have special cargo space, fire extinguishing agent, corresponding to this type of cargo.
In the event that incompatible goods are transported, the ship must have appropriate accommodation conditions.

In addition to the IMDG Code, the carriage of dangerous goods by sea is regulated by the international convention MARPOL 73/78 (prevention of pollution of ships) and SOLAS-74 (an international convention aimed at protecting human life at sea).

When transporting goods from foreign charterers, packaging, marking, documentation, cargo class must comply with the IMDG Code.

Packaging requirements

In accordance with GOST (26319-84) and the rules for the carriage of dangerous goods, the shipper is obliged to pack the cargo in such a way that the packaging minimizes possible risks during transportation and loading and unloading. The packaging must meet a number of characteristics.

High quality, good performance.
The presence of an inner surface, which will not provoke the risk of creating force majeure when the cargo comes into contact with it.
Performance properties that will allow you to withstand the risk of loading and unloading and sea transportation.

A number of requirements are also imposed on the cushioning material required for the transportation of hazardous liquids. He must:

prevent the dangerous effects that the cargo can have;
prevent the vessel with liquid from moving, fit snugly against it;
if possible, the volume of the material should be such that it is enough to absorb liquid in case of damage to the container;
in containers for hazardous liquids, with the appropriate liquid temperature conditions during filling, there must be a free space. The amount of free space depends on the maximum operating temperature during transport;
In the event that there is an uncleaned empty container on board that previously contained hazardous liquid, the above rules also apply to it. The exception is containers for which actions have been taken to make them safe.

Marking

The fact that there is dangerous cargo on board is indicated by special signs. Marking requirements are governed by GOST (19433-88) and the rules of MOPOG.

When transporting dangerous goods by sea, the packaging and containers in which the goods are located are marked. Special labels are installed both on the cargo itself and on the vehicle transporting it.

The marking of dangerous goods must comply with the following requirements:

the presence of an indication of the correct technical name of the cargo. Indicating only the commercial name is contrary to the rules;
danger signs corresponding to the class of cargo, clearly indicating its dangerous characteristics;
regardless of the method of application of the marking, it should not be erased if it is in sea water for at least three months. When choosing a method for applying the marking, the reliability of the means used, the features of the packaging surface should be taken into account;
Each package must be labeled and labeled. The only exceptions are cargo with a reduced degree of hazard and cargo transported in small quantities. Exceptions also apply to special circumstances where goods can be stowed in packages bearing appropriate hazard labels.

Accompanying documents

Regulations also apply to accompanying documents for the transport of dangerous goods.

On a vessel carrying out the carriage of dangerous goods in mandatory their inventory, manifest or cargo plan must be located, which indicates the technical name, characteristics, hazard class of the cargo, as well as its location. Copies of this document must be presented to port officials for the vehicle to depart.
The documents related to the transported goods are accompanied by a signed certificate certifying that the dangerous goods are properly packed, labeled, labeled with danger signs, and can be transported. The document must be submitted by the person responsible for packaging.
In the event that there are reasonable doubts about the fact that the cargo transport unit (CTU) does not comply with the above container rules, then it should not be accepted for shipment. A similar rule applies in the absence of a certificate of correct packing in a container / vehicle.
If there are any violations of the packaging (the container is deformed, damaged, leaves traces, stains), the dangerous cargo is not loaded onto the ship.
Cargo transport units are located and secured based on the Cargo Securing Manual, which has received the approval of the Administration.

Shippers often charter vessels to carry dangerous goods. Information on how freight is calculated

47.) Actions to assist a ship in distress and rescue people after its death.

48. Phase pH. Accurate navigation systems uds. Accuracy assessment.

49. Determination of place by stars and planets. Accuracy assessment.

50. Management of towing trains and their formation.

51. Characteristics of personal computers. The tasks solved with their help on the ship.

52. Determination of compass correction.

53. Tropical cyclones and divergence with them.

54. Drawing up a cargo plan

55. Reconciliation of the sextant

1. Checking the parallelism of the optical axis of the telescope to the plane of the azimuthal limb

2. Checking the perpendicularity of the large mirror to the plane of the azimuthal dial

3. Checking the perpendicularity of the small mirror to the plane of the azimuthal dial

56. Swimming with radar

1. The way of the fan of bearings and distances.

2. Method of traverse distances (fig. 21.2).

21.3.2. Determination of the ship's position by distances to several landmarks

1. Distances are measured to point landmarks (fig. 21.3).

2. Distances are measured to a section of the coastline with smooth outlines and a "point" reference point (Fig. 21.4).

3. Distances are measured to areas of the coastline with smooth outlines (Figure 21.5).

21.3.3. Determination of the ship's position by radar bearing and distance to one landmark (Fig.21.6)

57. International documents for the safe transportation of goods

58. Ship's Chronometer. Measuring time on board. Greenwich Mean Time, International Standard Time, Standard Time, Local Time, and Ship Time.

59.Signals of ship alarms. Responsibilities of crew members on alarms. Emergency shipments, composition and supply. Training of members of emergency parties and groups.

60. Control of the technical condition of the vessel. Technical Supervision Classification Societies

61. Reading Ukrainian, English and Russian navigation charts. Legend on maps.

62. Anchor device

63. Transportation of dangerous goods. Dangerous Goods Transport Code (imdg-Code)

Part I - Information and instructions for all dangerous goods, including alphabetic and numerical lists

Part II - Classes 1, 2 and 3:

Part III - Classes 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1 and 5.2:

Part IV - Classes 6.1, 6.2, 7, 8 and 9:

64. A selection of English or Russian maps and transition manuals. Navigational study and preparation for the transition.

65. Cargo device. Hatch covers. Strength assessment. Technical operation rules.

66. Transportation of bulk cargo

67 Organization of watch duty when sailing in special circumstances

69. Features of the carriage of goods by tankers

70. The manual "Ocean ways of the world". Recommended paths. Traffic separation systems. The principles of choosing the path of transition.

71. Characteristic of excitement and wave elements. Storming ships. Remez and Bogdanov diagrams

72. International Convention on Load Lines 1966. Types of ship cargo marks. Buoyancy

72. International Convention on Load Lines 1966 Types of load lines. Buoyancy reserve.

73. English and Russian sailing directions.

74. Solas Covenant 74

75. Undifferentiation and elimination of the roll with the use of court. Documentation and devices

76. Prediction of the height of tide levels and tidal currents from tables and maps

77. International Convention on the Training, Certification and Watchkeeping of Seafarers (STCW 78/95)

78. Control of general and local strength using ship's documentation and instruments.

79. Symbols on facsimile charts of weather and waves.

80. International Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Pollution (Marpol73 / 78) and the Prevention of the Spill of Petroleum Products (oilpol)

81. The main currents in the oceans.

82. The main characteristics of baric formations: cyclones, anticyclones, fronts

83. Basic ship documents and ship bridge documentation

84. Ensuring the unsinkability of the damaged vessel. Operational information about unsinkability

85. Navigational hazard fencing system mams

86. Navigation of ships in special cases

87. International Code for the Management of the Safety of Ships and the Protection of the Environment (ICUB)

88. Rivers feeding. Features of spring, summer and winter regime. Currents in a river stream

89. Information to the master about the stability and strength of the vessel, its use in drawing up the cargo plan of the vessel.

90. Merchant Shipping Code of Ukraine

63. Transportation of dangerous goods. Dangerous Goods Transport Code (imdg-Code)

Requirements for ships carrying dangerous goods.

Vessels that have a corresponding entry in the Register's classification certificate may be admitted to the carriage of dangerous goods. You can only transport those classes of dangerous goods that are specified in this entry. A vessel not specially adapted for the carriage of dangerous goods may be retrofitted and presented to the Register to obtain a corresponding entry in the classification certificate.

Before loading dangerous goods onto a ship, the ship administration is obliged to check the readiness of the ship for carriage. The complex of preparatory measures includes:

cleaning, washing and drying of cargo spaces;

checking the technical condition of the ship's equipment - fire extinguishing equipment, fire alarm systems, gas analyzers for lighting systems, drying systems, ventilation systems, etc.;

instructing crew members on the properties of the cargo, the nature of its hazard, types of cargo packaging, the purpose of hazard signs, stowage rules, precautionary and first aid methods for victims, safety rules; with the emergency party, it is necessary to conduct classes on working out methods of extinguishing fires and eliminating accidental spills and scattering of cargo.

The master is fully responsible for the readiness of the vessel for the carriage of dangerous goods.

Requirements for containers and packaging. Placement of dangerous goods on the ship.

The requirements for the container and packaging of each dangerous cargo are given in the cargo card and in the sections for the carriage of a specific class of cargo. The strength of the container must be such that it can withstand the normal conditions of sea transport and protect the cargo from leakage, shaking and shrinkage. The RIDM Rules provide definitions of types of closures for containers for dangerous goods: hermetically sealed - vapor-tight closures; effectively closed - liquid-tight closure; securely closed - a closure that prevents dry contents from spilling out under normal handling and handling conditions.

The material used for the manufacture of containers must be inert with respect to the cargo or have a special coating of inert material at the points of contact with the cargo. On ships carrying dangerous goods, detailed cargo plans must be drawn up indicating the location of each individual consignment, cargo class, number of places and weight, and type of container. If the cargo is fire hazardous, then the cargo plan is agreed with representatives of the VOKHR, and if the cargo is dangerous in sanitary terms, then with representatives of the sanitary and epidemiological station. The compatibility of dangerous goods of different classes is determined by the compatibility table (see RIDM marginal rules No. 400, 464, 509 and p. 67513).

Cargo is placed on board at the discretion of the master, however, it cannot be loaded on deck without the written consent of the sender. If dangerous cargo is placed on deck, then it should not occupy more than half of the deck area. At the same time, a free passage with a width of at least 1 m to the fire horns, bilge measuring pipes, deck mechanisms and devices must be provided, and the working area of the mechanisms and devices must be at least 1 per 1 m. The cargo must be securely attached to it. it is necessary to ensure the possibility of free access, both in normal and in emergency situations; it must be protected from the effects of sea water and meteorological factors. Flammable cargo should be stowed at least 7.5 m from the lifeboats.

When placing hazardous cargo under deck, it is necessary to ensure the ability to monitor the condition of the cargo on the voyage, as well as to fight fire and accidents. To do this, it is necessary not to load the manholes in the holds and on tweendecks, which ensure the descent of people into the hold. When stowing hazardous cargo, they strive to be able to access the cargo to eliminate the accident and remove all or part of the cargo from the cargo space.

The cargo should be stacked in dense piles, excluding its movement, provided that adequate ventilation (aeration) is provided for the entire cargo loaded into the hold, and, if necessary, for each individual stack of cargo. The stacking height of each type of dangerous goods is determined by the strength of the container and packaging. It is indicated on the cargo card.

Shipping dangerous goods regulated by the rules of Chapter VII of the SOLAS Convention.

In accordance with these rules, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed and is constantly improving the International Code for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Sea (IMDG Code)

IMDG Code consists of 4 parts and Supplements: