Precious wisdom is a scattering of true caution. Orkse module "Fundamentals of secular ethics" (notebook). The Doctrine of Efficiency

Lessons 7-8. Virtue and vice.

Exercise 1. Distribute the positive and negative personality traits:

Task 2. Dictionary.

_____________________ is a positive moral quality of a person.

_____________________ - a lack of moral, spiritual; everything that is contrary to truth and goodness; evil and falsehood as a property, quality of a person; any moral distortion; inclination to evil, to a bad life.

Task 3. Fill the gaps.

Conquer anger with gentleness, evil - ____________________, greed - _______________, lies - ___________________.

Task 4."Golden mean"

Virtue is in the middle between two vices: excess and deficiency. Define virtues:

Task 5. "Precious wisdom placer."

Task 6. The value of each person is determined by the value of the objects of his aspirations. (Marcus Aurelius). How do you understand these words?

Task 7. Synonyms.

Choose synonyms for the word FRIENDLY __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________

Choose synonyms for the word COURAGEOUS _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Choose synonyms for the word GENEROUS _________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________

Task 8. Read the statements. Answer "yes" or "no" if you agree or disagree with the statement.

age, he can do anything.

Virtue and vice are two opposite characteristics of a person,

by which other people evaluate it.

Task 9. Who is who?

Remember the names of these fairy-tale characters. Point out what virtues and vices they possess. Color your favorite pictures.

Task 9. Read the story, answer the questions and draw an illustration for it.

Badly.

The dog barked furiously, falling on its front paws.Directly in front of her, clinging to the fence, sat a smallcue disheveled kitten. He opened his mouth wideand meowed miserably. Nearby were two boyswaited for what would happen.

A woman looked out the window and hurriedly ran outon the porch. She drove the dog away and shouted angrilyboys:

- Shame on you!

-What's embarrassing? We didn't do anything! - surprisedboys.

-This is bad! the woman replied angrily.

V. Oseeva

Answer the questions:

Why do you think the woman shamed the boys? _________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

Is it possible to say that inaction is indifference, and is indifference a vice? ______________ ________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 10. Choose an aphorism that reflects the meaning of the story you read.

Lesson 9

Exercise 1. Read the story.

The whole class gathered at Sergey's birthday party. The children looked with interest at the paintings painted by Sergei's grandfather, the collection of miniature car models collected by his father. Friends had fun, danced, played forfeits. The evening flew by unnoticed.

A week later, two friends, Sergei's classmates, decided to go to the cinema. Vadim went for Kostya and saw a surprisingly familiar car on a shelf in the hallway. It was a bright red racing model, which he held in his hands not so long ago at Sergei's birthday party. Vadim hesitated and decided to ask a friend directly.

Kostya confessed. The car was so good that he could not resist and appropriated it. He asked Vadim not to extradite him….

Answer the questions:

What choice did Vadim face? __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

What choice does Kostya have?

How could this story end? Write the option that you think is correct.

Task 2. Read the parable and answer the question to her.

Parable of King Solomon.

One day, someone came to Solomon at the moment when he was playing with a hunting bird, and said:

King, help me, I am in sorrow. Yesterday I freed my slaves, and today they threw stones at my house.

The king looked at him carefully, and then asked:

Why did you free your slaves?

So answered the one who came for advice:

I got a rich inheritance, and I decided to free those of the slaves with whom I spent my childhood. I thought to make them happy.

Then Solomon asked:

And who told you that freedom is happiness, and happiness is freedom?

And he also said:

Look at this predatory peregrine falcon. Although he is kept in a cage, he is the lord and master of the hunt. If he does not want to hunt, no one will force him - and still in the evening he will get his rabbit. He is free to fly away, and no one will detain him - that means he is with me as long as he wants to. For him, freedom is not happiness, it is life for him.

There is another bird - a chicken. Day-to-day she walks around the yard or hatches eggs. If she is released into the steppe, she will become stupefied from freedom, and in a day she will die. For her, freedom is not happiness, it is death for her.

Then the desperate petitioner asked:

What then is wisdom?

And Solomon answered:

The owner's wisdom is to separate the peregrine falcons from the hens. You will destroy the first by captivity, the second by freedom.

And he also said:

There are few peregrine falcons, many chickens, but both must be protected.

The husband replied:

I understand you, O king.

Then go ahead and learn to separate one from the other. The petitioner bowed to the ground and went out in thought.

How do you understand Solomon's words: “The wisdom of the owner is to separate the peregrine falcons from the chickens. You will destroy the first by captivity, the second by freedom.

Task 3.Using the text of the textbook, restore the sentence:

A moral choice is a choice

between ____________________ and ________________________,

between ____________________ and ________________________.

Lesson 10

Exercise 1. In the work of A. Exupery "The Little Prince" the hero says the following words: "We are responsible for those we have tamed."

Who are you responsible for? What is this responsibility? Does this responsibility limit your freedom?

Task 2. Choose tasks for which only you are responsible. What other responsibilities do you have? Write it down.

Task 3. Give examples of intentional and unintentional actions:

Task 4. Consider a cluster. Write a message about what you mean by "responsible behavior"?

Task 5. Read the story and answer the questions.

Star country.

In one fairy-tale country, there were stars, so the country was called Starry. The stars were different: blue and white, yellow and blue, green and pink, red and even black. They were also different in size. Very tiny stars lived here, medium-sized stars lived here, and even huge stars lived. Among them there was not a single star exactly like the other. But they all had one thing in common. The soul of each star was filled with love for all the inhabitants of this fabulous country. Therefore, they saw only good and kindness in each other, and from this they shone with an amazing magical light. The star country from this wonderful radiance was unusually beautiful and unique. Peace, harmony, mutual understanding and love reigned everywhere.

But one day the most vile of all the mischief in the world flew over Starland, an evil wizard, whose name was Dirty Pakostevich. Saw the Starry Country Dirty Pakostevich and envy boiled in him. How does he think so, love is all around, beauty, peace. Nobody fights, nobody fights. And there was no peace for Pakost Pakostevich. Unfortunately, there are still such specimens that feel very bad if others feel good. And conceived dirty trick Pakostievich his evil deed. And so that the stars would not recognize him, he turned into a wind of change and began to whisper that they say that in other countries they live more cheerfully, more interestingly and better. The stars were worried, worried. They also wanted to live even more interesting, even more fun, even better. “But what needs to be done for this?” - asked the stars. “Everything is very simple, you need to find shortcomings in others, scold all the time, criticize more, remember all the misdeeds that were once committed,” Pakost Pakostievich taught with knowledge of the matter. But the stars couldn't do it. And the evil wizard began to teach them further.

Hey you, he called to a black star named Adelaide. - Why are you so black? I know, I know, you're too lazy to wash. Fu, dirty, what ... A ton of soap is needed to wash such a grimy one. Hee hee hee... ha ha ha...

Someone picked it up, someone said nothing ... But it did not become more fun. And the black star Adelaide began to grow dim right in front of everyone's eyes from rude ridicule and no longer shone with an amazing magical light as before. But the dirty trick Pakostievich did not let up.

Hey, hulk, - he called to the big green star Iolanthe. Here it is corroded ... Look, soon you will leave the whole country without food with such and such appetites. Ha ha ha...

Nobody stood up. And from rude ridicule, the bright green star Iolanta began to fade. But the dirty trick Pakostievich still did not let up. He walked up to a little pink star named Yuuta and started laughing at her.

Oh, I can't... What kind of minnow is this? Not an asterisk, but some kind of microbe. Just look at it under a microscope. What is the use of it, in vain only smokes the sky. And he laughed merrily again.

From such rude and evil words, strange laughter, the tiny pink star Utah almost completely went out. And then many stars picked up the idea of Dirty Pakostievich. They began with great zeal to look for flaws in each star, criticized each other, recalled all the misdeeds that had been committed once. And from rude, offensive words, bad thoughts, love began to leave, and souls began to be filled with hatred, anger, envy. And because of this, the stars faded, dimmed and no longer shone with an amazing magical light that once gave the unique charm of the Starry Country. Beautiful and bright earlier, it turned into a dull, gray, lifeless country. The first to come to her senses was a very young white star named Lyuska. She decided to save her beloved homeland at all costs. "What to do?" thought Lucy. “Maybe wait for a good wizard? But when will he arrive? After all, you can wait a year, and two, and three, and thirty-three, or even not wait at all. And you need to act right now immediately, otherwise it may be too late. And she began to act at her own peril and risk.

Instead of shortcomings, Lyuska began to find virtues in the stars, looking for that kind and good that was in the soul of each of them. First she turned to the black star Adelaide.

Adelaide, you are very kind, you always took care of sick stars. Thanks to your attention, sensitivity, patience, they recovered faster.

And a miracle happened. The faded little star Adelaide suddenly shone again with an amazing magical light.

Hooray! Happened. Kind words help - Lyuska rejoiced overjoyed. And she began to act more confidently.

Iolanthe, I have always admired your responsibility, your punctuality. After all, you've never been late in your life. And from these kind words, Iolanthe flared up again, sparkled, shimmering with all sorts of shades of wonderful green.

Then Luska spoke to the tiny star Yuta.

Although you, Yuta, are very small, your soul resembles a huge inexhaustible storehouse of all kinds of interesting creative ideas. It is thanks to you that our holidays were so fun and interesting.

And Utah shone again with an amazing magical light. Luskin's idea was picked up by other stars. They began to look for something good and good in each other that was in the soul of each of them. And a miracle happened. The stars flashed one by one like the lights of a New Year's garland. Again the Starland shone with an amazing magical light, again it became beautiful and unique, perhaps it became even more beautiful than before. And the dirty trick Pakostievich realized that he had nothing more to do here and went home. He flew off to look for a country whose inhabitants love to find shortcomings in others, but do not notice virtues, where they love to criticize each other, quarrel, remember mistakes and mistakes, where they remember insults for a long time. But didn’t the dirty trick Pakostevich accidentally fly over your country?

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Lessons 5-6. Good and evil.

Exercise 1. Divide fairy-tale heroes into two kingdoms. How would you name these states?

Koschey the Immortal, Baba Yaga, Cinderella, Chippolino, Ivan Tsarevich,

Vasilisa the Wise, Sorcerer, Barmaley.

Task 2. Who will invite whom to the birthday party?
Cat Leopold

Koschei the Deathless

Crocodile Gena

Old woman Shapoklyak

Scarecrow

Dr. Aibolit

Woman

Task 3.

D overie

ABOUT responsibility

B fraternity

R hell

ABOUT darn

Suggest your own version of the "decoding" of words
D___________

O____________ Z____________

B____________ L____________

R____________ O____________

ABOUT____________
Task 4. Make up proverbs and sayings. Connect with a line.

From good - good

From evil - evil will be born

The beast gives birth

A bird gives birth to a bird

good has found you

Do good to love

But evil is done without difficulty,

Good is harder to do

Too bad

Do good and evil always

In the power of all people.

who does no good to anyone

Task 5. Read the story of Valentina Oseeva and answer the questions.

Two women were drawing water from a well. A third one approached them. And the old old man sat down on a pebble to rest. This is what one woman says to another:

My son is dexterous and strong, no one can cope with him.

What can you say about your son? her neighbors ask.

What can I say? the woman says. - There is nothing special about him.

So the women took full buckets and went. And the old man is behind them. Women go and stop. My hands hurt, water splashes, my back hurts.

Suddenly, three boys run out towards me.

One tumbles over his head, walks with a wheel - women admire him.

He sings another song, fills himself like a nightingale - his women listened.

And the third ran up to the mother, took heavy buckets from her and dragged them.

The women ask the old man:

Well? What are our sons?

Where are they? - answers the old man. - I only see one son!
How did the women feel when they talked about their sons? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Did they change after the old man's words? __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

What does it mean to be a good son (daughter)? _______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 6
BADLY DISCOVERING MULTIPLE CRULITY FEROCITY
What concept unites these words? Write down ________________________
Task 7. What is the missing word in the line? Emphasize.
MERCY SOULNESS SENSITIVITY INDIFFERENCE HEART
What concept unites these words? Write it down. _______________________
Task 8.Make a conclusion on the topic "What is GOOD and EVIL"?

Task 9. Evaluate the actions of children (Put ):

Children's actions	Good	Evil
Let homework write off
Explain the solution to the problem
Hiding bad grades from parents
Feed a homeless kitten

Lessons 7-8. Virtue and vice.

virtue

honesty

responsibility

duplicity

hypocrisy

Exercise 1. Distribute the positive and negative personality traits:

Task 2. Dictionary.

_____________________ is a positive moral quality of a person.

Conquer anger with gentleness, evil - ____________________, greed - _______________, lies - ___________________.
Task 4."Golden mean"

Virtue is in the middle between two vices: excess and deficiency. Define virtues:

stinginess

extravagance

Pleasing

Hostility

Cowardice

Reckless Courage

Task 5. "Precious wisdom placer."

Task 6. The value of each person is determined by the value of the objects of his aspirations. (Marcus Aurelius). How do you understand these words? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Task 7. Synonyms.

Choose synonyms for the word FRIENDLY __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________
Choose synonyms for the word COURAGEOUS _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
Choose synonyms for the word GENEROUS _________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________
Task 8. Read the statements. Answer "yes" or "no" if you agree or disagree with the statement.

The most famous division of virtues in ethics was proposed by the ancient Greek philosopher Diogenes.
Virtue is the ability to do the best in everything.
No man can ever become completely virtuous.
The moral development of a person as a person begins at the age of 16, and before that

age, he can do anything.

Virtue and vice are two opposite characteristics of a person,

by which other people evaluate it.

Task 9. Who is who?

Remember the names of these fairy-tale characters. Point out what virtues and vices they possess. Color your favorite pictures.

Task 9. Read the story, answer the questions and draw an illustration for it.

Badly.

A woman looked out the window and hurriedly ran outon the porch. She drove the dog away and shouted angrilyboys:

- Shame on you!

-What's embarrassing? We didn't do anything! - surprisedboys.

-This is bad! the woman replied angrily.

V. Oseeva

Answer the questions:

Why do you think the woman shamed the boys? _________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

Is it possible to say that inaction is indifference, and is indifference a vice? ______________ ________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 10. Choose an aphorism that reflects the meaning of the story you read.

Laws must eradicate vices and inculcate virtues. (Cicero)
Other people's vices are always before our eyes, our own - behind our backs. ( Seneca the Younger)
If you are indifferent to the suffering of others, you do not deserve the title of man. (M. Saadi)
Man's greatest sin is not hatred, but indifference to his brothers. (Mother Teresa)

Lesson 9
Exercise 1. Read the story.

Kostya confessed. The car was so good that he could not resist and appropriated it. He asked Vadim not to extradite him….
Answer the questions:

What choice did Vadim face? __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

What choice does Kostya have?

How could this story end? Write the option that you think is correct. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 2. Read the parable and answer the question to her.

Parable of King Solomon.

One day, someone came to Solomon at the moment when he was playing with a hunting bird, and said:

King, help me, I am in sorrow. Yesterday I freed my slaves, and today they threw stones at my house.

The king looked at him carefully, and then asked:

Why did you free your slaves?

So answered the one who came for advice:

I got a rich inheritance, and I decided to free those of the slaves with whom I spent my childhood. I thought to make them happy.

Then Solomon asked:

And who told you that freedom is happiness, and happiness is freedom?

And he also said:

Then the desperate petitioner asked:

What then is wisdom?

And Solomon answered:

The owner's wisdom is to separate the peregrine falcons from the hens. You will destroy the first by captivity, the second by freedom.

And he also said:

There are few peregrine falcons, many chickens, but both must be protected.

The husband replied:

I understand you, O king.

Then go ahead and learn to separate one from the other. The petitioner bowed to the ground and went out in thought.

How do you understand Solomon's words: “The wisdom of the owner is to separate the peregrine falcons from the chickens. You will destroy the first by captivity, the second by freedom.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 3.Using the text of the textbook, restore the sentence:

A moral choice is a choice

between ____________________ and ________________________,

between ____________________ and ________________________.

In 161 AD, Marcus Aurelius, the Roman emperor, was arguably the most powerful man on earth. Historians call Aurelius the last of the "five good emperors", because his contemporaries spoke of him as a wise, just and honest ruler. The emperor actively developed ideas about virtue, kindness, self-control and philosophy. Many philosophical sayings of Aurelius have come down to us, and even after almost two thousand years they do not lose their relevance and are nothing more than a storehouse of wisdom. Let's look at some of his quotes, which will reveal a lot about the lifestyle and motivations of this great man.

1. Teaching about work and early rising

Apparently, the problem of an early rise was relevant in all ages, so Aurelius paid special attention to this, and his thoughts have come down to our days.

“At dawn, when you find it hard to get out of bed, say to yourself, “I have to go to work as a human being. What should I complain about if I'm going to do something to achieve a goal, and what will I bring to this world? Or what I was born to do is hide under the covers and eat? Can't you see how plants, birds, spiders and bees go about their individual tasks, creating as much order in the world as possible? And you don't want to do your job as a human? Why don't you do what your nature requires?

Of course, in the morning, the power of a bed and a warm blanket seems limitless: in the early hours, a pillow can become like a monarch who decides whether you lie down for another 5 minutes or not. But Marcus Aurelius categorically disagreed with this, because he could only recognize himself as the only emperor.

2. The doctrine of criticism and negative people

Even in the environment of the emperor there are different people. Objective criticism will not harm any person, but those who carry only negative things can ruin your life, and you will lose faith in your own abilities. As for such people, Marcus Aurelius also has his own opinion:

“When you wake up in the morning, tell yourself: the people I deal with today will interfere. They are ungrateful, arrogant, dishonest, jealous and sullen. They are like that because they cannot distinguish good from evil. But I saw the beauty of good and the ugliness of evil, and recognized that the criminal has a nature connected with my own - not of the same blood or birth, but of the same mind - and possessing a share of the divine. And that's why none of them can hurt me."

Why react to the words of people who live in negativity and despair becomes a kind of reason for their existence? You should not be pollinated by those who have lost all hope, lost faith in their own happiness and are trying to convey their philosophy to others. The emperor realized that such people can take over the minds of other people and sow the seed of despair in them, and warns us against interacting with negative people:

“You have power over your mind - the outside world does not. Understand this and you will find strength. Everything we hear is an opinion, not a fact. Everything we see is a perspective, not the truth. I often wondered how each person loves himself more than all other people, but at the same time does not value his own opinion of himself, but relies on the opinion of others.

3. Teaching about gratitude

Marcus Aurelius believed that only a person who knows how to show gratitude can be happy. And it is very difficult to argue with him, because only a person who is able to appreciate goodness can share it with other people.

"All you need is confidence in judgment in the present moment, action for the common good in the present moment, and gratitude in the present moment for whatever comes your way."

Sometimes the whole problem lies in our head. We are too focused on our person, we are so suspicious that we can easily consider a harmless joke as the most severe insult. Live easier, don’t load your mind with insults and look at the world through the eyes of a happy, not a deprived person.

4. The doctrine of efficiency

Marcus Aurelius was not only intelligent, but also an incredibly active person. He believed that every minute is priceless and teaches us to value time as the most expensive and irreplaceable resource:

“Concentrate every minute, like a Roman, like a man, doing what you have to do with genuine seriousness, tenderness, willingness, desire and justice. Free yourself from other distractions. Yes, you can, if you do everything as if it were the last thing you can do in your life and stop living aimlessly; don't let your emotions underestimate what your mind is telling you. Stop being hypocritical, selfish and irritable."

5. The doctrine of peace of mind

Peace of mind is of great importance for a person, especially for one who holds power over a huge empire in his hands.

“You can rid yourself of many useless things, especially those that bother you, because they are entirely in your mind. And then you will gain enough space for yourself by contemplating the whole universe in your mind and contemplating the eternity of time and watching the rapid change of every part of everything, how short is the time from birth to death and the limitless time before birth, and the equally limitless time after death. »

Is it worth spending your life on thoughts that upset us, is it worth being sad because of the little things that steal the best moments of our lives?
The emperor does not think so:

Marcus Aurelius created some rules that allowed him to become an exceptional leader who was appreciated and respected.

Aurelius also noted how his grandfather managed to maintain the integrity of his own personality, despite the fact that others said about him:

“His restrictions on accusations and all attempts to flatter him ... and his attitude towards men: no demagogy, no intrigues, no pandering. Always sober, always prudent, steadfast and not vulgar."

A leader is a person whose will must be stronger than a stone. Principles, beliefs - this is what makes the number one winner. Do not follow the opinions of others, do not fall for flattery and do not allow yourself to be manipulated. Rot your line and defend your own views so that others see strength in you and respect you.

Municipal educational institution "Secondary school No. 2", Bogoroditsk, Tula region Materials for the WORKBOOK Module "Fundamentals of secular ethics" Compiled by: Zolotareva Lyudmila Nikolaevna primary school teacher 2016 This is interesting! Annotation The word homeland comes from the ancient word clan, which denotes a group of people united by blood relationship. Each of us is a descendant of some ancient ancient family. And the word genus itself denotes the ancient god of the Slavs Rod. The main city of the Ross tribe (as the Russian people used to be called) was the city of Roden (Kin). It was dedicated to the god Rod. The homeland is both the fatherland, and the country, and the place of birth of a person. To give birth means to produce offspring. A woman will give birth, an animal will give birth, soil, earth will give birth. Parents are mother and father who have children. Relative - a relative, a member of the genus. Relatives are relatives. A pedigree is a list of generations of the same genus. People are proud of their pedigree, study it. The workbook was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education and the work program “Collection of Work Programs. Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics. 4th grade". The content of the notebook reflects the features of the thematic planning of the course "ORKSE" in accordance with the textbook A. Ya. Danilyuk "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics. Fundamentals of secular ethics. 4th grade". The notebook will help fourth-graders develop creative thinking, give ideas about moral behavior, as well as about the rules and norms on which relationships with people should be built. The notebook can be used both in the classroom and during self-study of children at home with the family. Contents: Lesson 1. Russia is our Motherland Lesson 2. What is secular ethics Lesson 3. Culture and morality Lesson 4. Features of morality Lesson 5. Good and evil Lesson 6. Good and evil (Test yourself) Lesson 7. Virtue and vice Lesson 8 Virtue and vice Lesson 9. Freedom and moral choice of a person Lesson 10. Freedom and responsibility Lesson 11. Moral duty Lesson 12. Justice Lesson 13. Altruism and selfishness Lesson 14. Friendship Lesson 15. What does it mean to be moral Lesson 16. Summing up. (Test yourself) Lesson 18. Gender is the source of moral relations Lesson 19. Moral act Lesson 20. The golden rule of morality Lesson 21. Shame, guilt and apology Lesson 22. Honor and dignity Lesson 23. Conscience Lesson 24. Moral ideals Lesson 25. Moral ideals Lesson 26. Models of morality in the culture of the Fatherland Lesson 27. Etiquette Lesson 28. Family holidays Lesson 29. Human life is the highest moral value Lesson 30. Love and respect for the Fatherland Lesson 31. Patriotism of the multinational and multi-confessional people of Russia. Lesson 32 Lesson 1. Russia is our Motherland. Task 1. Fill in the gaps in the sentences. We live in a wonderful ___________________________________. in a country whose name is - We lovingly call our country ______________________, because we were born and live in it. The basic law of our state is _________________________. The capital of Russia is the city of ____________________. The head of our state is ______________________, currently this post is occupied by _________________________________________________. The state symbols of Russia are ________________, ______________, _____________. Task 2. Answer the questions about the state symbols of Russia. Coat of arms of Russia Name the elements of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation: Flag of Russia _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ___________________________________________ _______________________________________ ____________________ What do you think the colors of the Russian flag symbolize? white color - _________________________________ blue color - _________________________________ red color - _______________________________ Lesson 2. What is secular ethics? Task 1. Thinkers. On Raphael's fresco "The School of Athens" we see two prominent ancient thinkers, allegedly arguing about philosophy. Who are they? _________________________________________________________________________ Task 2. Vocabulary __________________________ - love of wisdom. __________________________ - (Greek ethike, from ethos custom, disposition, character), a philosophical science that studies morality, morality. The term was introduced by Aristotle. (IV century BC). ____________________ - not church, civil. Task 3. Mark the illustrations (check the box) that depict people of secular professions. Task 4. Mark the illustrations (check the box) that depict secular buildings. Task 5. What does secular ethics help a person to understand? (Use the textbook when answering) __________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 3. Culture and morality. Task 1. Dictionary. ________________________ - 1. The totality of mankind's achievements in industrial, spiritual and social terms. 2. Way of life, customs, traditions and beliefs, spiritual and material wealth of the peoples of the world. _________________________ - a set of ideas based on belief in miraculous, supernatural forces and beings. Morality is the rules of conduct given by ethics. Morality is an internal predisposition and the need to comply with these rules. Task 2. Together with your parents, make a set (list) of moral norms (rules) adopted in your family. 1. __________________________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________________________ 4. __________________________________________________________________ 5. __________________________________________________________________ Task 3. In the 17th century, the Arab traveler Pavel Aleppsky arrived in Russia. Here is how he describes the features of life in Russia at that time. “On holidays, everyone rushes to church, dressed up in their best clothes, especially women ... People pray in churches for six hours. All this time the people are on their feet. What endurance! Undoubtedly, all these people are saints! Wine shops remain closed from Saturday to Monday. The same is true for major holidays. Even peasants are called by patronymic. Black bread is preferred over white bread. Dogs are always fed meat and watered with milk. Therefore, when attacking a house, each dog is able to fight the crowd. The wife, having brought food, sits at the same table with the men. On Easter, everyone kisses, saying “Christ is Risen!” Muscovites trade is tough, this is the trade of well-fed people. They say little when trading. When you try to bargain, they get angry. The price is the same throughout the market. When we entered the hospital, because of the bad smell, we could not stay in this room to look at the patients. The king, however, approached each patient and kissed him on the head, mouth and hands - and so on to the last. Read the document and discuss the following questions with your parents. 1. What features of Russian culture of the 17th century that so struck the Arab traveler are still alive? (underline with a blue pencil) 2. Which of the above traditions can not be found anymore? (underline with yellow pencil) 3. Do you think this is good? (Write) _________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 4. Features of morality. Task 1. Emphasize those qualities of a person that morality approves. Courage Cowardice Fidelity Envy Modesty Kindness Betrayal Magnanimity Truthfulness Malevolence Sociability Closeness Generosity Greed Mercy Politeness Arrogance Rudeness Respect Neglect Modesty Courage Fearlessness Fortitude Courage Friendliness Indifference Falsehood Think about whether you have these qualities? Why did you make such a conclusion? (Write) __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Task 2. Read the text carefully, determine the moral standards that Anatoly violated and underline them. Mom woke up Tolik at 9 o'clock in the morning and asked him to go to the store. He lay in bed, staring at the TV, until 11 o'clock. After breakfast, I grabbed a couple of apples and went out for a walk with the dog. He immediately kicked her with his foot (barked with joy). Mom asked me to be home at 13 o'clock - for dinner. Met a classmate. He recalled that in mathematics they asked a difficult problem. During the conversation, Tolik began to nibble on the second apple. Returned home at 2 pm. After dinner, my mother said that it was time to do homework. “But they didn’t ask us,” said Tolik. At 4 pm he went to the park to play football. The ball is stuck on a tree. Tolik broke a long branch out of the bush and knocked the ball down. Returning home, I saw a wallet on the ground. A worried woman, looking at the ground, walked beside him. Tolik imperceptibly raised his wallet and ran to buy ice cream. At the crossing across the street stood a visually impaired old woman. Shreds rushed across the street straight to the store. 3. What moral rules will you follow on the road of life? Lesson 5 Task 1. Make up proverbs and sayings. Connect with a line. The beast gives birth to the beast, The bird gives birth to the bird, so that evil does not destroy you Do good, so that loving From good - good, From evil - evil will be born Badly, good has found you Do not do evil, Do good and evil always In the power of all people. But evil is done without difficulty, Good - it is more difficult to do who does not do good to anyone Task 2. What word is superfluous in the series? Emphasize BADLY DISCOVERING SOULNESS CRUELTY FEROCITY What concept unites these words? Write down ________________________ Task 3. What is the odd word in the row? Emphasize. MERCY SOULNESS SENSITIVITY INDIFFERENCE HEART What concept unites these words? Write it down. _______________________ Task 4. Evaluate the actions of the children (Put ): Children's actions Good Evil Give homework to write off Explain the solution to the problem Hide a bad mark from parents Feed a homeless kitten Lesson 6. Good and evil. Task 1. Insert the missing word: this is an example of the actions of people and the relationship between them. the opposite of good is that which seeks to eliminate and correct morality. In the course of the historical development of society and culture became more... Immoral acts are also called... Task 2. Choose the correct answer:  What is considered a good deed? a) solve a problem for a friend; b) being late for an uninteresting meeting; c) help a neighbor solve the problem; d) forget about the unpleasant request.  How do they do good deeds? a) to avoid punishment; b) in the hope of a reward; c) in the hope of praise; d) disinterestedly and consciously.  Indicate the actions that society approves of: a) mutual assistance; b) violence; c) humiliation; d) cheating.  What are the consequences of evil deeds? a) enmity; b) joy; c) peaceful coexistence; d) friendship. Task 3. Divide actions into two groups: unwillingness to help elderly parents, adoption of sick children, insult, helping those in need. Moral act Immoral act Lesson 7. Virtue and vice. Task 1. Dictionary. _____________________ is a positive moral quality of a person. _____________________ - a lack of moral, spiritual; everything that is contrary to truth and goodness; evil and falsehood as a property, quality of a person; any moral distortion; inclination to evil, to a bad life. Task 2. Fill in the gaps. Conquer anger with gentleness, Evil with ____________________, Greed with _______________, Falsehood with ___________________. Task 3. "Golden mean" Virtue is in the middle between two vices: excess and deficiency. Define the virtues: Words for reference: friendliness, generosity, courage. Extravagance Avarice Hostility Pleasing Reckless courage Cowardice Task 4. "Precious wisdom placer." Fill in the blanks, use the textbook. True ____________________ caution. ________________ without prudence is only a special kind of cowardice. Euripides Seneca Friendliness doubles _________________ and cuts _________________ in half. Francis Bacon Who wants to have, he himself must be friendly. Bible Task 5. The value of each person is determined by the value of the objects of his aspirations. (Marcus Aurelius). How do you understand these words? Lesson 8 Virtue and vice. 1. Distribute the positive and negative qualities of a person: vice virtue honesty anger kindness and hypocrisy responsibility duplicity Task 2. Find and underline, in the statements of great people who left their mark on history, one feature is the qualities of virtue , but two vices. “Gratitude is the smallest of virtues, while ingratitude is the worst of vices” Thomas Fuller “Courtesy is the first and most pleasant virtue” Francois Fénelon “Love of parents is the basis of all virtues. All who have virtue are happy ”Cicero “Deceit is the most vile vice” Montaigne Task 3. Synonyms. Choose synonyms for the word FRIENDLY _____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Choose synonyms for the word COURAGEOUS _____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Choose synonyms for the word GENEROUS ________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 9. Freedom and moral choice of a person. Task 1. Using the text of the textbook, restore the sentence: A moral choice is a choice between ____________________ and ________________________, between ________________________, between ________________________. ____________________ ____________________ and and Task 2. Test yourself. What determines a person's moral choice? a) from friends b) from the country; c) from parents; d) from the person himself.  What determines the moral choice of a person? a) strength of character b) family c) place of residence; d) age. Lesson 10. Freedom and responsibility. Task 1. Read the statements of famous people. Which of them do you agree or disagree with? Mark (+ agree, disagree)  For free all heights are achievable. (Maxim Gorky)  Freedom is responsibility. That's why everyone is so afraid of her. (Bernard Shaw)  Freedom is the natural ability of everyone to do what he pleases, if it is not prohibited by force or law. (Justinian)  I consider free the one who does not hope for anything and is not afraid of anything. (Democritus) Task 2. Choose things for which only you are responsible. buy bread walk the dog take out the trash wash the dishes learn to water the flowers well clean your room play with your little brother Task3. Using the text of the statement textbook: (p. 25), add Parents are responsible for _______________________ Children are responsible for _____________________________. Are Responsible Teachers are responsible for __________________________. Students __________________________. Doctors ____________________________. Architects ______________________. Artists carry ____________________. responsibility responsibility responsibility bear for for for for for Lesson 11. Topic. Moral duty. Task 1. Establish a correspondence between the types of moral duties and examples of the manifestation of these duties: moral duty patriotic duty filial duty parental duty ☼ ☼ ☼ an example of its manifestation Organization of summer holidays ☼ ☼ Caring for parents Fire prevention ☼ professional duty ☼ Protection of the Motherland ☼ Task 2. Read the parable and answer the questions about it. Taoist story. Wise Pig about morality Once the Wise Pig thought about moral issues and, after thinking a little, said the following aloud: - Every tribe, clan and even family, if at least three chickens live in its yard, has its own morality. Some consider it worthy of a warrior to kill the enemy on the sly, while others consider it worthy to defeat in a knightly duel. Some kill to ease the pain, others save the life of a suffering cripple. The enumeration of these contradictions can be continued indefinitely, but the main thing that follows from all this is that if in the eyes of someone you want to seem like a person who follows the laws of morality, act in accordance with his views. Having said all this, the proud Pig retired to her feeder to check if there was anything left from yesterday's dinner. Find in the text a wise saying (key) of the Pig? Highlight it. Task 3. Read expressively this poem. What does the author think it takes to be a good person? Emphasize. But no matter how life breaks us, There is some magic in it ... There are too few good people. And yet they are the majority. Become a kind wizard, Nuka, try it! There is no need for special tricks here: To understand and fulfill the desire of another It's a pleasure, honestly! Lesson 12   What you sow, _____________________________________. Do not dig a hole for another, ___________________________________. Task 2. Using the text of the textbook (p. 28), restore the sentence. Fairness is a ______________________ governing rule, ___________________________________________ in the distribution of _________________, ____________________ and _____________________, ______________________, etc. Task 3. What moral rules did you have to face in life (write), and what conclusion did you draw? (rules on page 29 of the textbook) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Task 4. Discuss with friends and write a set of rules that will help you treat others fairly. Lesson #13 Altruism and egoism Lesson 13. Altruism and egoism Task1. Vocabulary: _ 1.__________________ behavior aimed at satisfying personal interests, including to the detriment of the interests of other people or society. (from the Latin ego - I) 2. _______________ (from the Latin word alter other) readiness to selflessly act for the benefit of others, regardless of their own interests. Match the concepts and examples: Altruism A man fulfilled the request of an unfamiliar child A classmate did not hand over his homework Egoism A boy did not share the sweets he was given A man repaired his neighbor's apartment for free Task 2. Read the text of the textbook (p. 30 - 31). Using it, prove that the heroine of the fairy tale C. Perro Cinderella can be called an altruist. 1.________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Which of the characters from the fairy tale "Cinderella" do you consider an egoist? (write) Why?. _________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________. Lesson 14 Task 1. Make up proverbs and sayings. Connect with a line. An old friend The taste of color Do not have a hundred rubles, Friends are known Die yourself, in trouble better than two new comrades is not like a tree without roots, but have a hundred friends A man without friends, Task 2. Tell me how you put up with your friend. Choose words suitable for your reconciliation: and help out a comrade. I'm sorry, perhaps a hundred We won't quarrel anymore, let's put up, I'm very ashamed, I regret what I've done, I value our friendship and I apologize Task 3. Read the poem by A. Barto and answer the question. A friend reminded me yesterday, How much good he did to me: Why was the friendship of the guys in jeopardy? The pencil was once given to me by _________________________________________ (I forgot the pencil case that day), _____________________________________________ In the wall newspaper, almost in every one, __________________________________________ He mentioned me. __________________________________________ I fell and got wet all over - ___________________________________________ He helped me dry. ___________________________________________ He is for a dear friend ___________________________________________ He did not spare a pie, ____________________________________________ He once gave me a bite, ____________________________________________ And now he put it on the bill. ____________________________________________ And me to him, guys, ____________________________________________ Something no longer attracts ______________________________________________ Lesson 15. What does it mean to be moral 1. Analyze the actions of the characters in the picture. Find your place among the heroes, put the  icon in the circle. 2. Insert the missing word.  Good and evil is manifested in ___________________ people.  Virtue is the _______________ choice of the best behavior.  Being moral means _____________________.  An example of moral behavior in being a society _____________________________________________. maybe 3. Evaluate fairy tale characters. Who of them has virtuous qualities (D), and who is vicious (P)? Lesson 16 (Test yourself) Final test. Good luck! 1. A science that considers actions and relationships between people from the point of view of ideas of good and evil. ___________________________________________ 2. A system of norms and values that regulate people's behavior. _______________________________________________ 3. Moral value, which relates to human activity.__________________________ 4. Expresses a person's desire for good. _______________ ___________________________________________________________ 5. Action, the result of which is the infliction of harm to oneself and other people. __________________ __________________________________________________________ 6. The ability of a person to determine his behavior, taking into account the laws of nature and society. ___________________ ________________________________________________________ 7. The ability of a person to be responsible for his own free choice. _____________________________________ 8. A moral rule governing relations between people in the distribution of benefits, rewards, punishments, income, etc. ________________________________________ 9. Moral position in life, which requires a person to commit selfless acts for the sake of other people or common goals. ________________________________ 10. Relationships based on mutual affection and personal interests. ____________________________________ WELL DONE! Lesson 18 Read the poem, find and underline the lines, Family is happiness, love and luck, Family is a summer trip to the country. Family is a holiday, family dates, gifts, purchases, pleasant spending. The birth of children, the first step, the first babble, Dreams of good, excitement and awe. Family is work, caring for each other, Family is a lot of homework. Family is important! Family is hard! But it is impossible to live happily alone! Always be together, take care of love, Drive insults and quarrels away, I want friends to talk about us: What a good family yours is! Task 2. Restore the statements of famous people about the family Love, to, basis, parents, virtues, all (Cicero) ________________________________________________________________ No, holier, and, love, more disinterested, nothing, mother (V. G. Belinsky) _________________________________________________________________ Task 3. Indicate the sequence kinship in the family MOTHER GRANDMOTHER RIGHT-GRAND GRANDGRAND GRANDGRAND GRANDSON SON MORAL ACTION Lesson 19. TASK 1 1. Read the article in the textbook (pp. 40 - 41) 2. Fill in the diagram: Signs of a moral act - white world. On the "black" part they reflect the dark side of life, and on the other - the bright side of life. write actions, ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ TASK 4. _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ Task 3. Remember A. Lindgren's fairy tale "The Kid and Carlson, who lives on the roof." Analyze with your parents one of Carlson's tricks from the point of view of a moral act. Lesson 20 2. Know how to share joy with a friend. 3. Don't laugh at your friend's shortcomings. 4. Stop a friend if he does something bad. 5. Know how to accept help and advice. 6. Do not deceive a friend. 7. Don't betray your friend. 8. Know how to admit your mistakes, make peace with a friend. 9. Treat a friend the way you would like to be treated One of these rules is called golden. What and why? (Write) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _____ Task 2. Guess the riddles. One chatterer, Another whistler, The third edun, Two brothers who are viki, And two are hearers, Two brothers are runners Yes, grab two brothers. For bad, expect bad, For good - _____________ No _______________ look for, but found - take care. Make up a proverb using clue words. Homework. Evaluate the actions of fairy-tale characters from the point of view of the GOLDEN RULE OF MORALITY. ________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ ________ ___________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ ______________ Lesson 2. There are no pure white or pure black people - people are all motley. (A.M. Gorky) TASK 1. Read the parable “A peasant had a son who began to behave badly. Having tried all the ways of influence, the father came up with the following: he dug a pillar against the house and, after each misconduct of his son, drove a nail into this pillar. Some time passed, and there was no living space left on the pillar - it was all studded with nails. This picture struck the boy's imagination so much that he began to improve. Then for each of his actions, his father began to pull out one nail. And then the day came when the last nail was pulled out, but this made a completely unexpected impression on the boy: he wept bitterly. - Why are you crying? his father asked. “Are there no more nails?” “There are no nails, but the holes remain,” answered the son. Answer the question: Why did the son cry? ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ TASK 2. Imagine the situation you are in: “Yesterday you had a math test in your class. Today the teacher announced the results, you - "five"! However, when the notebooks were handed out and you looked at your work again, you saw that the teacher did not notice a very gross mistake in it. There can be no five here! The five received absolutely undeservedly. Your work is at best a "four", or even a "three". How will you do it? o tell nothing to anyone; o be sure to say; o if you say, then when: by all means with the whole class; o alone to one teacher? What feeling will make you confess? ________________________ TASK 3. 1. Choose the statement that you think is true. o There is neither Good nor Conscience in the world. o Is there Good and Conscience in the world!? o No, all the same, there is Goodness and Conscience in the world. o There is Goodness and Conscience in the world. o Goodness and Conscience rule the world! o 2. Game "Collect a proverb" Who is ashamed, No matter how wise, Conscience without teeth and conscience can not be too smart. he was not at home and his conscience would bite When the conscience was handed out, Task 4. Definitions: Read the text of the textbook, find and write out the following SHAME ________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ GUILT _________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Task 5. What can cause a person to feel shame? a) an unfulfilled promise; b) all options are correct; c) deceit; d) quarrel; e) your answer _________________________________ Task 6. To get rid of guilt you need to: a) read an interesting book; b) find a new friend; c) forget about a bad deed; d) to apologize to those whom I offended. Task 7. Pick up two or three proverbs that would talk about shame and guilt, write them down in a notebook. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Lesson 22. Honor and dignity Task 1. Read the poem Stay simple when talking with kings, Stay honest when talking with the crowd, Be direct and firm with enemies and friends, Let everyone consider you in due time . Fill every moment with meaning, Hours and days of inexorable running. Then you will take the whole world as a possession, Then, my son, you will be a man. (R. Kipling.) What qualities should a person have to be proud of this title? How do you understand them? A person should be honest by nature, not by circumstances. Marcus Aurelius ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ It is possible to be an honest man without being great; but one cannot be a great man without being honest. From the "Encyclopedia of Aphorisms" _________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Task 3. Read a short excerpt from the collection "World Wit" and think about whether events and circumstances affect our behavior, our principles? Honest and noble Spartan Once a batch of captured Spartans was sold into slavery. One buyer asked the prisoner he was going to buy: - Will you be an honest person if I buy you? - I'll be them all the same, whether you buy me or not buy, - answered the Spartan. LESSON 23 Task 1. We read the poem "WHAT IS CONSCIENCE" Mom, what is conscience? Conscience, daughter, this is a story About good deeds - Life gave them to us with you. Who lives in conscience, will not let anyone down. Conscience is the treasure of your soul. A bright ray of light in it. This is a guiding light. He will save you from trouble. He always burns in you. He is your strongest shield. Where do you think conscience lives in a person?__________________________________ Task 2. What would you do in this situation? A classmate made a mistake on the blackboard. You noticed and __________________________________________________________________ You accidentally pushed a classmate __________________________________ Someone accidentally stepped on your foot. It hurts you _____________________ You were put at a desk with someone who is not nice to you __________________ You, walking around the class, brushed off a notebook and other things. What will you do? ________________________________________________________________ You heard how they called you _______________________________________ Lesha, Roma has been sick for a long time, you _______________________________________ Task 3. Let's look into the well of wisdom. Choose the right expression 1 Act contrary to your convictions in good conscience 2. Live honestly, justly against conscience 3 Do something well without a twinge of conscience 4. Live calmly, without remorse according to your conscience TASK 4. Try to depict conscience in the form of some symbol. Lesson 24 The ideal is the highest perfection. Pitiful is he who lives without an ideal. I.S. Turgenev Task 1. Read an excerpt from the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" by A.S. Pushkin about Russian heroes: And strong, mighty heroes in Glorious Russia! Do not gallop enemies on our land, Do not trample their horses on the Russian land, Do not overshadow our red sun. Russia stands for a century - it does not stagger! And it will stand for centuries, it will not move! Write the names of Russian heroes: ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Task 2. Using the text of the textbook (p. 50 - 51), derive the rules of an honest heroic duel. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ TASK 3. Read the proverbs. Choose one that, in your opinion, clearly articulates the topic of our lesson. Highlight it. Who dared, he sat on a horse. Russian neither with a sword, nor with a kalach does not joke. In Russia, not all crucians, there are ruffs. To the brave to sip peas, but to the timid and not to see cabbage soup. The hero dies - his name will remain. The Russian land is glorious with heroes. Lesson 25 Write them using the text of the textbook (p. 52) Task 2. Which qualities from the list below are suitable for the concepts of "gentleman" and "lady", and which are not? Friendliness, punctuality, indifference, frivolity, clumsiness, education, elegance, loyalty to the word, selfishness, patriotism. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ _________ Homework Reflect on the topic: “Only an adult or even my peer can be called a knight, gentleman, lady?” ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ______________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ________________________________ ____________________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ Lesson 26. Samples of morality in the culture of the Fatherland Task 1. "Culture of Russia". Using the text of the textbook (p. 54), restore the concept - Russian culture is an example of __________________________, a treasury of knowledge, ________________________________, _____________________________ and sustainable norms-patterns ____________________________________________. Task 2. statement. Connect the illustrations with the appropriate one. Defense of the Motherland is also the defense of one's dignity. (N. Roerich) There are no barriers for a person with talent and love for work. (L. Man by nature is a social being. (Aristotle) 1. What is the moral attitude to Task 3. Test yourself. Fatherland? o In love for your people; o in good feelings for the nature of your native land; good of the Motherland; o all options are correct. 2. What can be called a model of morality? o Victory in the school Olympiad; o knowledge of the laws of the state; o the ability to achieve goals at any cost; o deeds aimed at the common good of people. Homework. Which of the members of your family is a model of moral behavior for you (patriot, collectivist, worker, warrior)? Prepare a story about this person. ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ _____________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Lesson 27. Etiquette 1. Write out from the text of the textbook (p. 57): acceptable and unacceptable communication rules. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ______________________________ __________________________ ______________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________ 2. Make up proverbs. Connect with a line. At home as you like, Though you are not rich, silence is gold for business, look In the village where one-legged people live, and guests are welcome The word is silver, Do not judge by clothes, A gift is not expensive - love is dear, and at a party - as they say, you must go on one leg Task 3. Choose the most accurate, in your opinion, definition of etiquette. Etiquette is a kind of code Etiquette is a kind of code of good manners and rules of behavior good manners and rules of behavior Etiquette reflects the rules Etiquette reflects the rules of behavior inherent in a particular behavior, inherent in a particular tradition of tradition

Our language is sweet, pure, and magnificent, and rich.

A. P. Sumarokov

... The Slavic-Russian language, according to the testimony of foreign estheticians themselves,
is not inferior either in courage to the Latin, or in the smoothness of the Greek, surpassing
all European: Italian, French and Spanish, much more German,
although some of their newest writers have shown deliberate successes in sweetness.

G. R. Derzhavin

Let there be honor and glory to our language, which ... flows like a proud, majestic river - rustles, thunders - and suddenly, if necessary, softens, murmurs in a gentle stream and sweetly flows into the soul, forming all measures, which consist only in the fall and rise of the human voice!

Ya. M. Karamzin

In days of doubt, in days of painful reflections about the fate of my homeland - you are my only support and support, O great, powerful, truthful and free Russian language! Without you - how not to fall into despair at the sight of everything that happens at home? It is impossible to believe that such a language was not given to a great people!

I. S. Turgenev

The Russian language is extremely rich, flexible and picturesque for expressing simple, natural concepts ... In the Russian language, sometimes there are up to ten or more verbs of the same root, but of different types, to express various shades of the same action ...
There is no doubt that the Russian language is one of the richest languages in the world.

V. G. Belinsky

Real, strong, where necessary - gentle, touching, where necessary - strict, serious, where necessary - passionate, where necessary - lively and lively language of the people.

L. N. Tolstoy

Language is the history of the people. Language is the path of civilization and culture ... Therefore, the study and preservation of the Russian language is not an idle occupation from nothing to do, but an urgent need ...

The main character of our language lies in the extreme ease with which everything is expressed in it - abstract thoughts, inner, lyrical feelings, “mouse running around life”, a cry of indignation, sparkling prank and amazing passion.

A. I. Herzen

As a material of literature, the Slavic-Russian language
has an undeniable superiority over all European ...

A. S. Pushkin

... There is no word that would be so bold, brisk, so burst out from under the very heart, so seething and vibrant, as aptly said Russian word.

N. V: Gogol

You marvel at the treasures of our language: every sound is a gift; everything is grainy, large, like pearls themselves, and really, another name is even more precious than the thing itself.

N. V. Gogol

Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.

Live and learn.

Literacy is always useful to learn.

First az yes beeches, and then other sciences.

Literacy is not evil, but the truth is strong.

Who is much more literate, that will not be an abyss.

The Russian language in skillful hands and in experienced lips is beautiful, melodious, expressive, flexible, obedient, dexterous and roomy...

A. I. Kuprin

How beautiful is the Russian language! All the advantages of the German without its terrible rudeness.

F. Engels

The Russian people created the Russian language, bright as a rainbow after a spring downpour, accurate as arrows, melodious and rich, soulful, like a song over a cradle...
What is Motherland? - It's all the people. This is his culture, his language.

A. N. Tolstoy

You can do wonders with the Russian language. There is nothing in life and in our consciousness that could not be conveyed by the Russian word. The sound of music, the spectral brilliance of colors, the play of light, the noise and shadow of gardens, the vagueness of sleep, the heavy rumble of thunder, the whisper of children and the rustle of sea gravel. There are no such sounds, colors, images and thoughts - complex and simple - for which there would be no exact expression in our language.

K.D. Paustovsky

The Russian language is inexhaustibly rich and everything is enriched with astonishing speed.

M. Gorky

The Russian language has all the means to express the most subtle sensations and shades of thought.

M. Gorky

PEOPLE'S WISDOM

It's not a shame not to know, it's a shame not to learn.

The root of the doctrine is bitter, but its fruit is sweet,

Whoever wants to know a lot needs little sleep.

Do not be proud of the title, but be proud of the knowledge.

More science - smarter hands.

Learning is the best wealth.

Repetition is the mother of learning.

The world is illuminated by the sun, and man - by knowledge.

Don't say what you've learned, but say what you've learned.

Space has no size, and knowledge has no limit.

Hands will overcome one, and knowledge - a thousand.

Science does not ask for bread, but gives bread itself.

A spoon is needed to slurp cabbage soup, and a letter is needed to draw knowledge. Small tongue, but owns the whole body.

Language is a banner, and leads a squad.

The tongue is soft, but it stings painfully.

Not a tongue, but a razor.

Language will bring to Kyiv.

Find a common language.

For a word, it will not climb into your pocket.

He speaks as he writes, as if the beads are lower.

Good speech is sweeter than honey.

With your mouth, yes, I would drink honey.

Short and to the point, that's why it's great.

Meli Emelya is your week.

The donkey has long ears, and the talker has a tongue,

A tongue without bones, whatever it wants, it mutters.

He has a pomelo tongue.

What's on the mind is on the tongue.

You are a secret to him, and he is a secret to the whole world.

With a short tongue and life is longer.

The word slipped from the tongue.

Keep your mouth shut.

Bite your tongue and shut up.