Mink farm business plan. Breeding mink - business plan. Cost-effectiveness of breeding mink, necessary costs and documents Breeding minks at home

The most valuable animal breeds generally reproduce best in their habitat. For breeding purposes, many entrepreneurs are forced to create entire parks and reserves, however, some animals are well bred in captivity. These include the main supplier of valuable fur in the domestic market - mink. Its fur can be used for the manufacture of clothing (first of all, we are talking about fur coats) and accessories (mittens, collars, scarves). Considering stable demand for mink, captive breeding of these animals is quite a profitable and promising business.

Mink: features of the beast

Thinking about where to start and how to succeed in your business, an entrepreneur must first study in detail the features of minks. This animal belongs to the order of predators, the weasel family. They are small in size, but very attractive in appearance. Fur is considered the main advantage of minks - it is very smooth, silky and shiny.

Breeding minks at home is possible due to the ability of these animals to quickly adapt to external conditions. However, for a large-scale business, it is better to immediately think about opening a farm.

Breeding European minks will not work, since they are under protection (listed in the Red Book). This means that you will have to choose from American breeds.

Due to the variety of shades of fur of these animals (more than 340), there are different colors and fur products... The most popular shades are:

black;
Brown;
blue;
sapphire.

Manufacturers of fur products prefer to use the fur of females for sewing. For example, global brands have completely abandoned the use of male fur.

Sales of products

With the advent of cheap Chinese mink on the market, the competition has increased significantly. One way or another, the main buyers of fur are:

Fur factories;
Private ateliers for sewing fur clothes.

Additional income is the sale of live animals. The main clients will be novice farmers and people who have minks as pets.

Varieties of minks

For breeding minks, businessmen most often use the following varieties of these animals:

Dark brown... This is the most common variety. It is from it that individuals with fur of other shades are obtained by crossing.
Black... This type is also called "jet". It turns out a mink due to the manifestation of a dominant mutation. It was first brought out in Canada. In nature, such animals are rare.
Blue with a silvery tint... One of the most numerous and demanded color varieties.
Sapphire (smoky blue)... They turned out to be more fertile than the silver-blue minks. They came from the crossing of this variety with the Aleutian mink. But the survival rate of these individuals is lower than that of other brethren.
Pastel... This group includes individuals from light brown to dark chocolate shades. They are quite prolific and tenacious.
Beige. They are better known as American minks. The color can vary from light to darker. The animals themselves of this breed are larger than other breeds. They are rightfully considered one of the most prolific varieties of minks.

The final cost of an individual will depend on its breed, quality of fur, size, fertility and other factors. On average, an adult mink can be bought for 15,000 rubles. A puppy at the age of 3 months will cost a little less - 10,000 rubles.

Purchase, care and feeding

It is quite important to know where is the best place to purchase animals for breeding. Today, such actions can be carried out on specialized farms for breeding such animals... It is best to go there on your own and make sure that the animals had a normal place of residence and were provided with everything they needed. This will give you confidence that the mink is healthy and will not be problematic. At the same time, it is best to independently choose animals from the entire assortment.

If we talk about caring for minks, then it is worth noting that they are not squeamish. It will be enough to feed them on time and change the bedding.

Breeding requires special knowledge during the period when animals mate, special conditions are created that facilitate this process. In this situation, we are talking about the separation of individuals that are sexually mature from babies.

Special attention should be paid to feeding. Here you need to proceed from the fact that the mink itself is a carnivore, which in the natural environment has a fairly diverse diet. Its in mandatory must be taken into account when keeping the animal in artificial conditions.

The basis of the diet should be fresh meat, cereals, milk and fish... In no case should these animals be fed with waste. This will affect both their coat and general state health. If it is not possible to independently calculate the nutritional balance, you can purchase food. Today there is a huge range of food for minks, which greatly simplifies the procedure in terms of time and quality.

Evaluating any business, an entrepreneur makes a preliminary assessment of whether the case in question is profitable or not. In the case of mink breeding, the level of profitability will largely depend on the correct direction of work. You can choose one or combine several options:

breeding and subsequent sale of breeding individuals;
marketing of adults;
sale of finished skins;
sale of natural fur clothing.

In the case of the sale of skins, you will have to master the appropriate technique or hire a person who will be engaged in butchering individuals. But the sale of fur products will require serious investments... It makes sense to leave this idea for the future, when mink breeding is established.

Staff

A small farm won't need a lot of staff. Usually such work is performed by the entrepreneur himself or his family members. Larger and more voluminous complexes will require workers for the daily care of the animals.

Separately, it should be noted that the farm must have its own veterinarian. If it is impossible to hire one, you will have to invite a specialist from the outside to regularly monitor the health of the minks. A separate person is also hired for the sanding process.

Features of cultivation and breeding

Since minks are predatory animals, it is imperative to include meat and fish in their diet. This is the only way to ensure the high quality of the fur. But in addition to these products, you need to add to the diet:

corn;
compound feed;
milk and other dairy products;
fish fat;
grass;
vitamins and minerals.

And at the age of 10 months, minks mature and can produce offspring. Mating usually takes place in March. Puppies are born after about 7 weeks. One female is capable of producing from 4 to 14 cubs.

Breeding animals

It is quite important to understand exactly how minks breed. There is only one possibility of breeding such animals - this is the natural process of their replenishment. In this situation, you need to take into account all the basic rules for their reproduction and the features of such a process:

First of all, every entrepreneur must know that a mink can become a mom or dad only after it reaches ten months. If the mating period of animals begins before reaching this age, then it is best to place them in another room, because it is simply pointless to wait for replenishment from them.
The mating period itself falls on the month of March. It is during this period that sexual activity increases in minks, which leads to pregnancy of females. As a rule, babies are born after the moment of conception it will take 2-2.5 months... At the same time, it is rather difficult to determine the pregnancy of a female individual. Only 10 days before giving birth, the female's tummy begins to grow.
During childbirth, about 6 puppies are born. All of them are quite helpless, so the first 40 days they always live with their mother. After this period, they can be transplanted into individual cells.

Accommodations

To keep minks, you need a site. It is important that he is not near residential buildings. About 6 acres will be enough to open a farm. First you need to build sheds. These are structures with a gable roof on top. Cells are located inside. You can make them yourself from galvanized mesh. Moreover, each cell should not be more than 2.5 cm in size.In the enclosures themselves, you need to install:

houses;
feeders;
drinkers;
baths.

If an entrepreneur wants to seriously engage in animal breeding, then he needs to carry out all the necessary communications to the site: water, heat, sewage, electricity.

In addition to the premises for keeping animals, it will be necessary to equip a warehouse for storing feed, inventory, a place for slaughtering and making skins.

Mink farm requirements

At least 5 acres of land (for 200 heads you need at least 2 acres);
Fences around the perimeter of the farm;
Sewerage, water supply, power supply;
Warehouse, space for storing and preparing feed;
Slaughter rooms.

In our calculations, we focus on the fact that breeding farm mink is located on its own plot of land with an area of 5 acres.

Skin processing methods

If an entrepreneur is engaged in the cultivation of minks for the subsequent sale of skins, then you will need to hire a specialist or master the technique of processing skins on your own. Usually the slaughter takes place in the middle of autumn. In this case, they most often use one of the following methods:

After removing the skin, its inner side is cleaned from the remnants of meat and fat. Next, the products are laid out with fur to the bottom and the surface is allowed to cool. Only after that, the skin is covered with salt and allowed to dry completely. This usually takes a couple of days.
Immediately after cutting the animal, the skins are sent to a saline solution for a couple of hours. Then they are taken out and laid out on a smooth surface. In this position, they are left for several days to dry completely.

Where should you start?

Anyone who has finally decided that the sphere of his activity will be the breeding of fluffy rodents, asks the question of how to organize his business. In this situation, the answer is quite simple: every entrepreneur must draw up a business plan. Such a document establishes all the necessary provisions on the conduct of activities.

Competent drafting of the document will become the basis for successful career... In order to write it, you can use two options:

independent creation;
work of specialists.

Every subject commercial activities has the opportunity and the right to independently compose step-by-step instructions for building your own business. To do this, you need to clearly prescribe what and why you need to do, how to act in a given situation. In addition, when creating a business plan, not only the main steps are described, but also all the nuances that require a definite decision in the task at hand.

If an entrepreneur, due to certain circumstances, cannot draw up such a document on his own, then he always has the opportunity to contact specialists.

Today, there are a huge number of companies on the service market that, for a certain fee, can easily create step-by-step instructions for building a business. In addition, they will not only describe all the actions in a formulaic way, but also take into account all the nuances that the entrepreneur himself will provide. The only drawback of the second option is that such works have their own price, which is not always affordable for a novice businessman.

You can see an example of a business plan for this activity

If you are interested in breeding geese as a business idea, read this material. Step-by-step instructions for writing a business plan for a construction company are given here.

Legal Aspects

It is not so easy to register your own enterprise in the case of mink breeding. First, you will have to register. An entrepreneur can choose an individual entrepreneur or an LLC. You need to find out in advance which OKVED code to register. In this case, code 01.49.22 - "Breeding of other fur-bearing animals on farms" will be applicable. It applies not only to minks, but also to sable, otters, martens and other species of animals.

An entrepreneur cannot do without obtaining a license to carry out activities. Its validity period is 5 years. Note that farms that are engaged not only in breeding minks, but also in their production, use (finishing of skins, including) are subject to licensing. To obtain a permitting document, you need to contact the Ministry Agriculture RF. You will need to take a package of papers with you:

a statement (the type of future activity must also be indicated);
copies of documents certifying the registration of an entrepreneur (entry in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or Unified State Register of Legal Entities);
copies of constituent documents;
payment document for payment of the license fee;
copies of papers that allow assessing the level of qualifications of the entrepreneur and the specialists working for him.

On the basis of these documents, the application is considered. But the future mink farm must also meet certain requirements:

availability of documents for all individuals, confirming their origin and having information about their breeding and reproductive qualities;
obligatory conduct integrated assessment animals every year;
an individual entrepreneur or a specialist working in an LLC as a deputy has a corresponding education in the profession of "zoo engineer" or "zootechnician".

Documents will also be required from the veterinary service, SES, firefighters. Even after obtaining a license, the company must strictly adhere to the existing rules, norms and requirements.

It usually takes about 2 months to make a decision on a license. Already after the issuance of the relevant document, the supervisory authority can visit with an inspection no more than 1 time in 2 years.

https://youtu.be/aDgltobnZj0

Pros and cons of business

Before deciding to open such an activity, it is imperative that you familiarize yourself with the positive and negative aspects of such a business. After all, each activity has its own pitfalls, even if it brings huge profits. This rule applies to our situation as well.
So, the following advantages can be highlighted:

The relevance of such a business... In this situation, we are talking about the fact that the activity itself is becoming popular in our time. The subject of breeding has a certain value and demand in the market. A huge number of clothing items and accessories are made from the fur of such animals. Almost every woman dreams of a mink fur coat. Therefore, as practice shows, there are no problems with the sale of goods.
Ease of breeding... Compared to other animals, the main value of which is fur, mink quite simply lives in an artificial environment. The most important thing is to correctly formulate the minimum conditions for the existence of the animal, and then it will not only feel free, but also reproduce.

The disadvantages include:

Complex preparatory process... Before starting to breed animals, it is necessary to prepare all the conditions for the possibility of carrying out such an activity. This consists both in the registration of all the necessary legal aspects of such a question, and directly in the actual actions themselves to create conditions for the life of the mink.
Moreover, such initial preparation is quite costly... As a rule, the creation of premises for the life of furry animals requires a fairly substantial contribution.

Therefore, before finally deciding to engage in such a business, it is necessary to calculate all the strengths and weaknesses of this project. Based on the results of such actions, it is worth making a decision. If start-up capital allows you to do everything quickly and efficiently - then no doubts should remain.

Fur sales

As mentioned above, the sale of products is carried out in factories and ateliers engaged in sewing outerwear... Hats, mittens, and other items of clothing are also sewn from mink. High-quality fur is always appreciated, and therefore such enterprises try to deal with one supplier. In any case, no fur farm owner is left without distribution channels, absolutely everyone finds sales.

Another option for making a profit is the sale of young animals for breeding and to lovers of keeping exotic animals.

https://youtu.be/EmZxfaHMmlk

Construction and arrangement of a fur farm

Site selection.

To build a farm, you should choose a flat, dry area, protected from winds and snow drifts. Minks are best suited for the temperature conditions of the middle zone and the climate of coastal regions. If in summer the temperature rises above 30 degrees, then it is worth equipping an air cooling system. The farm must be supplied with water and electricity. An important condition for the profitability of livestock farming is the presence of a nearby local feed base, which are meat and fish processing enterprises.

The fur farm must be separated by a sanitary zone at least 300 meters from the residential area. The distance to the road is 25-30 meters. In addition, measures should be taken to prevent minks from leaving the territory of the holding. For this, the farm is surrounded by a high fence, a visor is made on top of the fence from the side of the farm. The lower part of the fence is dug into the ground for at least 30 centimeters.

Farm buildings

Three types of buildings are being erected on the territory of the farm:

premises for people;
warehouses;
premises for keeping minks.

Arrangement of sheds and cells.

Animals are housed in cages with raised floors above the ground. Adults are kept individually. The cages are installed under a gable canopy called a shed. The shed is electrified and supplied with water. Sheds usually have rectangular shape, cells are located on the sides of the longitudinal passage. Such a device makes the process of feeding and removing manure convenient, and, if necessary, makes it possible to automate this process. The shed is covered with a net, burying it 30 centimeters so that the animals do not undermine the walls. The roof is made of corrugated asbestos-cement sheets, covered with roofing felt laid on a wooden lattice. The floor in the aisles is made of concrete, the subfloor is left unpaved, as the soil absorbs urine. The width of the passage is at least 117 centimeters. In the cages there are hanging houses and an area for walking, drinking bowls are equipped. It is important to use the correct material for the construction of the cages. Usually the cages are made of galvanized metal mesh. The black, non-galvanized wire mesh rusts and leaves a coating on animal hair.

Adults are kept in cages one at a time, working young animals are kept in two. For normal mink growth, it is necessary to provide the animal with an area of at least 5.25 square meters... Breeding young are kept in a ratio of three females and one male per cage. The standard hex mesh has a 25 mm mesh. Through holes of this size, a puppy of up to two weeks old freely dumps out, therefore plug-in generic mats with a finer mesh are put into the cages of the females.

Premises for people.

In a building intended for people, in addition to a room for rest and eating, it is necessary to provide a room for storing documents, a room for examining animals by a veterinarian, a room for primary processing skins, a room with refrigerators.

To ensure fire safety between buildings and sheds, as well as between groups of sheds, there must be a distance of 8 meters. Sheds are arranged in parallel rows.

A typical project of a fur farm for 10,880 females, 2,160 males and 54,400 young animals involves the construction of 40 90 meters long sheds for the main herd and 40 120 meters long pancakes for young animals.

Of course, budding farmers don't consider these numbers. To open a small farm, it is enough to buy 1000 minks, build and equip premises. This will require about 20 million rubles.

Organizational issue

Before starting the organization of a mink business, it is necessary to place a construction site in the right place and coordinate all actions with all authorities, register with special bodies as a private entrepreneur or society. You cannot build a farm in places close to residential buildings. These unique animals do not tolerate the hustle and bustle of the city. If you plan to keep from 20 to 50 females on the farm, then the distance from the house should be at least 30 meters. If there are 50 to 250 females, then the distance from the house should be about 60 meters. Or if the most is more than 250, then the distance should be more than 90 meters.

Mink breeding as a business is very profitable and can be very profitable. But before starting any event, it is imperative to draw up a competent business plan, calculate the costs of equipping a farm, keeping and feeding animals, waste disposal. All goods can be organized into shops, factories and other places that sell fur products and sewing fur coats and hats.

Minks reach sexual maturity by 10 months;
Animals mate in March, and puppies in late April - early May;
To determine pregnancy in females, pay attention to their belly, it increases about two weeks before giving birth;
Hay and soft shavings are ideal bedding for offspring;
The offspring are born helpless, deaf and blind. Therefore, for the first 20 days, the mother should be with the brood in the nest, feeding the animals with her milk;
The most valuable is winter fur, which grows from November to December. At this time, the animals are selected for slaughter to obtain the skin.
The selection of individuals for breeding is carried out in the fall, competent selection work will allow maintaining the number of minks, as well as preserving the breed;
Minks over six years of age are not used for breeding as the quality of their fur deteriorates.

general characteristics

The mink is a small carnivorous animal of the weasel family. It is small in size - 40-50 cm (without tail). Its fur is smooth, short, shiny and has a thick undercoat. There are 300 different colors in total. The most popular are products made of brown, black, blue and silver-blue mink.

Everyone knows that the difference in color of an animal is determined by genes. Hence such a variety. For example, the color dark brown is determined by 20 genes, including 14 dominant and 6 recessive.

Financial part

This direction is associated with high costs, so it is worthwhile to initially start drawing up a business plan, which will indicate all the steps for organizing and developing activities, as well as taking into account the expenses and income of the enterprise.

The initial costs vary significantly depending on the estimated size of the farm, the number and breed of animals, the chosen methods of feeding and other nuances. Let's give in the table the average indicators.

The maintenance of one mink takes approximately 1,300 rubles per year. When selling ready-made skins at a price of 2000-2500, you can count on the full payback of the project in a year and a half. If you focus on more rare and valuable species, then the profitability of the project increases significantly. In any case, this direction is very profitable and attractive.

Video: breeding and keeping minks - fur farm.

What a novice farmer needs to know

Minks are kept, like rabbits, most often in cages installed in special open rooms - sheds. The latter are, in fact, a simple canopy without any kind of fencing. In winter, minks should be kept in conditions as close to natural as possible. That is, to put it simply, in the cold. Otherwise, their fur will not be so beautiful and thick. Since in the wild these animals live in burrows, small insulated houses are installed in each cage for them.

Unlike the same rabbit, the mink is a predatory animal. This, of course, should be taken into account when choosing feed. As the latter, farmers usually use fish, meat and chicken waste mixed with various kinds of premixes.

Minks reproduce quickly enough. A good female can produce up to 16 cubs at a time. But most often there are 5-7 babies in a litter.

Mink breeding as a business. Mink farm. A mink farm can be built on your own personal plot without special costs; profits from the sale of fur skins can be obtained already in the first year of mink growing.

The mink is a predator of the mustelidae family, it has an oblong body and smooth, short, soft, thick fur. Minks come in various colors, most often black, white, sapphire, blue, red, jaguar and leopard. Minks are bred on an industrial scale and at home; these animals can live and breed in captivity.

The canopy protects the animals from the sun and rain,

at the same time, minks are constantly in the open air.

Frosty winters are not terrible for animals, they are protected by thick fur. IN natural conditions these animals live in burrows, therefore, houses are installed in the cages for them, which are a box with an opening for the entrance. A tray, drinker, feeder are installed in the cage

Breeding and rearing of minks.

The mating period of minks begins in early March, on these days the male is placed in the cage with the female 2 times a day for 2 - 3 hours. One male can usually cover up to 3 females per day. Pregnancy of females lasts on average 1.5-2 months, a female can bring from 1 to 16 puppies in a litter, more often 5-7. some of the puppies are placed next to her. The female puppies in a house, which is placed in a cage, a bed of dry hay should first be placed in the house.

Mink babies are born blind, their eyes are opened after 4 weeks. The first days the puppies feed only on mother's milk, from 3 weeks of age they begin to eat the food brought by the mother. At the age of 1.5 months, the puppies are separated from the mother, the entire brood is placed in one cage, then, as the young growth grows, they are seated separately in the cages, this is due to the fact that the minks often fight among themselves.

The slaughter of minks intended for the skin begins in November, first of all, white minks go to the skin, then the blue and brown groups and at the very end of the standard color. Slaughter should be carried out on time, on time, this is due to a change in the quality and color of the fur during this period.

Mink feeding.

Mink is a predator, in the wild it feeds mainly on small rodents, birds and fish, therefore, the basis of the diet should be food of animal origin. Mink farms have their own feed kitchens where feed is prepared. Mink food is a mixture of minced meat, fish waste with the addition of porridge, eggs and premixes.

Small fish, meat waste, offal are used for the preparation of feed poultry, geese, ducks, chickens. On fur farms from waste, chicken giblets from poultry farms are more often used, slaughtered into minced meat with the addition of premixes.

Some fur farms also use conventional laboratory mice as feed, which are raised to feed minks.

Owners of domestic mink farms buy small sprat, fish waste, expired fish at a low price from fish bases. Fish feed should be no more than 40% of the total diet.

As an additional feeding, you can use dairy products.

Mink breeding as a business.

If you want to start growing and breeding minks, the first thing to start with is finding cheap feed. A business is worth starting if there is an opportunity to get feed at a poultry farm or fish base. Most of the owners of small home mini mink farms are also engaged in raising poultry - chickens, geese, ducks. When poultry is slaughtered, the by-products go to feed the animals. Access to cheap feed is the backbone of a successful mink business.

The next step will be the construction of the shad, the production of cages and the purchase of animals.

The cages are usually made on their own from a fine metal mesh.

Scheme for making cells.

Mink can be purchased at fur farms, at a price of $ 80 - $ 150 per animal. It should be remembered that moving is stressful for animals, so it is not recommended to buy pregnant females, they are most worried about moving and may lose offspring. The best option would be to buy young animals in the summer or more adults by the fall. During the winter, the minks will get used to their new place of residence and in March they will be fully ready for mating.

Mink farm: profit.

The main profit from the farm comes from the sale of fur skins and from the sale of minks for brood.

Crafted skins are purchased by private traders engaged in sewing fur products.

The cost of mink fur skins depends on the quality of the skin, on the quality of the fur, also on the color, the most expensive white, black and gray, red and brown are less valuable. The approximate price of good skins is from $ 50 to $ 200. For example, for sewing a women's fur coat you will need 25 - 30 skins, sewing a fur coat will cost 2 - 3 times cheaper than buying in a store.

Also, a good profit can be obtained from the sale of minks for brood, the cost of one animal is about $ 100.

Almost every woman dreams of a mink coat or at least a collar. And today, the fur of these animals is most often used to create beautiful products that emphasize respectability, status, wealth. It is rated higher than any other materials for sewing clothes, so this direction is very attractive.

Features of animals

Minks belong to the weasel family and by their nature are distinguished by their aggressive behavior, because they are predators. Them appearance pretty cute and lovable. But the main value for a person is fur. It is pleasant to the touch, smooth, soft, silky, shiny and has many natural beautiful shades.

Due to the easy adaptability of these animals, they are suitable for artificial cultivation on a farm or even at home. But for this it is imperative to provide them with everything they need - space, food, vitamins, cleanliness of the premises, etc. Only through careful care can you achieve High Quality fur and livestock health.

Popular varieties

Today there are more than 300 shades and subspecies of mink. The most common for growing for fur are:

Dark brown - is considered the main source of any other individuals, its prevalence reaches 33.7%.
Black (jet) - takes its origin from Canada, but appeared only due to artificial breeding, does not occur in natural nature.
Silver-blue is a very beautiful shade of fur, the population of these animals reaches almost 40% of all species.
Sapphire - thanks to the crossing of the previous representatives with the Aleutian breed, an even more attractive and expensive color is obtained, it looks like a smoky blue.
Pastel - similar to simple brown individuals, but differs in light and soft shades.

It should be remembered that as a result of the extermination of European mink, their breeding and slaughter for skins is prohibited by law. This type of animal is listed in the Red Book. Therefore, today only American breeds are used for such a business. They have a fairly high fertility - 4-15 puppies per year and a relatively good survival rate - 87-90%, depending on the breed.

Business registration

First you need to register as a farm, individual entrepreneur or LLC. In each case, there are pros and cons. For example, breeding minks at home as a personal subsidiary plots makes it possible not to pay high taxes, but at the same time significantly limits the number of animals for a one-time maintenance.

If you decide to earn a substantial amount of money on the cultivation and resale of several thousand minks, then it makes sense to create entity... And although this will require the collection of a whole package of documents, payment of a high state duty and long processing, as a result, you will be able to sell products in large volumes and even work with foreign clients.

Of the OKVED codes, 01.49.22 is applicable in this case, which refers to the breeding of various fur animals in artificial conditions. A mandatory item is to obtain a license and a number of permits from regulatory authorities to conduct activities. So, you will have to submit papers to the Ministry of Agriculture:

a statement of a certain form;
copies confirming the registration of the taxpayer;
constituent documents of the company;
pay the license fee;
qualification certificates from the owner and people working on the farm.

An application can be considered for up to two months and only then the result can be given. In addition, worry about meeting other important requirements:

Veterinary confirmation of the health of all breeding animals.
Conducting an annual peer review of animals.
The entrepreneur or his employees must have a certificate of education in the profession of "animal technician" or "animal engineer".

Also, the farm before opening should be checked by representatives of the sanitary-epidemiological station, fire inspection and a veterinarian. Only having received all the permits, you can engage in raising animals. But even after registration, licensing and different types control, all the requirements must be strictly observed, since periodically the farm is re-checked by certain services.

Room for animals

When looking for a site for breeding minks, pay attention to the remoteness of the area from residential buildings and the water protection zone. The distance between them is at least 100 meters. The arrangement of sheds should meet the needs of animals, give them freedom of movement, and also take into account the convenience for the work of staff.

A separate room is set up for young animals and babies, where they will be taken care of. After all, these individuals are born blind and deaf, that is, completely helpless. But since their size is much smaller than adult minks, the fencing for such cages is made with small-sized cells.

The floor can be concrete, but it is advisable to cover it with sawdust, straw or hay. They must not be damaged by rodents! It is important to place the sheds in the shade, in a cool place, as minks do not tolerate heat. In winter, you should not heat the room too much, it is better to leave the air temperature low.

To be able to take full care of animals on the farm, take care of the availability of all the necessary communications - ventilation, sewerage, water supply, electricity, etc. When organizing a large complex for raising several thousand animals, you should install and automated systems for feeding, drinking bowls and even purchasing special apparatus for sanding.

Do not forget to build a warehouse on the farm where tools, inventory, fodder, hay, etc. are stored. Also, a special place for slaughtering and preparing skins is also equipped separately. In each of the premises, sanitary standards must be observed, and food and bedding material must be protected from rodents.

Feeding

Minks belong to the category of predators, so the basis of their nutrition is:

small animals;
meat;
fish;
bird.

Also, the diet should be diversified with cereals, dairy products, grass and other plant foods. It is not recommended to feed them with waste, otherwise the fur will be of poor quality, the desired shade will not be preserved and there are risks of epidemics. Therefore, it is important to take care of the proper nutrition and care of the animals.

Even with a full diet, you need to add vitamin and mineral complexes in the form of supplements. After all, minks are notable for poor health. And if something happens to one individual, the disease will quickly spread throughout the farm and most of the animals will die out.

Breeding and reproduction

Minks reach sexual maturity by 10 months. You can keep them in this combination - up to five females are planted to 1 male. Mating usually takes place in March, and helpless babies are born after 1.5-2 months. At first, they are kept together with their mother, who feeds them with her milk. And only after reaching 40 days of age, young animals are planted in separate cells.

The fertility of each breed may vary. The most common option is considered to be 4-6 puppies from one individual per year, but some varieties can produce up to 14 pieces. It is very difficult to distinguish a pregnant female from a simple one. Her tummy appears only two weeks before giving birth.

These animals grow rapidly and gain weight. The active appearance of wool occurs in September-November. But winter fur is considered the most valuable. For slaughter, they try to select young individuals of the first year of life, preferably females. It is this product that is valued above all else. But individuals over 6 years old are considered unsuitable either for skins or for providing offspring.

Direction of activity

Before registering and purchasing breeding animals, decide why you will be raising minks. This is done for the following purposes:

For the sale of adult males and females - both for home maintenance and for organizing new farms.
Realization of finished skins.
Creation of fur products.

The second option is considered the most common and profitable, for the sake of which such a business is started. But tailoring is preferred only by large farms that can hire additional staff for this activity. This is associated with high costs and organizational issues.

For the preparation of the skins, you need to hire a separate specialist who slaughters the animals, sanding and processing them. Please note that before starting the implementation, the material must be cooled, dried and sprinkled with salt, otherwise the wool will quickly begin to fall out, and the skin itself will rot and decompose.

Staff

Sales of products

The main clients will be:

other livestock farms;
salons and factories for sewing fur clothes;
individuals who wish to keep minks as pets, although this is rare.

It is important to establish distribution channels even before the fur skins harvesting season begins. To do this, you need to actively look for suitable customers and establish contacts with them. It is considered more profitable to conclude long-term contracts for the constant supply of fur to specialized salons and factories.

Here you can download a free brief as a sample.

Financial part

Video: breeding and keeping minks - fur farm.

Farming of minks in artificial conditions as a business is considered promising direction... The mink is a small carnivorous animal with various colors (from black to pearl). Not all colors are in the same demand, so when planning to start this business, you can choose one of the directions:

breeding a large number of animals of the most common colors;
breeding animals of rare colors (for example, sapphire). The cost of such fur is several times more expensive.

So how to breed minks at home?

Before starting a mink farming business, the positive and negative aspects should be carefully analyzed.

Advantages:

business is relevant, products are in demand;
when creating the minimum comfortable conditions for breeding, the animals will multiply quickly.

Flaws:

long preparation period;
requires a large initial investment.

You need to decide what kind of labor will be used on the farm (manual or automated). This is influenced by the number of animals and the number of workers.

If workers can care for animals without using automation processes, there is no need to invest additional funds... A veterinarian is required (he may not be on the staff, but come if necessary).

Mink feeding

In nature, the diet of the mink is diverse: birds, fish, small rodents. When breeding animals at home, it is important to provide them with a balanced diet. You cannot feed the minks with waste, this will affect the quality of the fur. Proper feeding will prevent the development of diseases and accelerate the growth of the animals.

You need to know the rates of water and feed consumption for 1 mink (for an adult, ½ liter of water is required). For a year, 38 kg of waste is collected from each adult animal (16 kg from young animals).

Sales of products

There are several options for marketing:

the sale of animals as pets;
sale of skins;
organization of sewing fur products.

With a livestock of less than 1000 animals, it is more profitable to sell live minks and animal skins, since large investments are not required. Large farms profitable to do self-production fur products. To do this, it is necessary to purchase equipment for dressing skins and sewing fur clothes.

How to breed budgies at home and how profitable this type of business is, you can read

Home breeding of minks as a business: reviews of entrepreneurs

Olga:

The most expensive minks are gray and white, brown ones are less valuable. We started with 3 males and 20 females, after a year there were already 120 of them. They learned about the content of minks from books, there was no experience at that time. Several animals died, the rest live safely.

So far we have decided to increase the livestock. There is little cost, we do everything ourselves, only a veterinarian has to be invited if there are problems with the health of the animals.

Boris:

I have experience in growing minks (2 years). Difficulties arise with the creation of the main tribe. It takes a lot of time to select parents to get quality offspring.

You also need to make up a diet and take measures to prevent disease. After creating a family and getting good offspring, the question of selling skins arises.

The intermediaries are trying to offer a penny for them, so it's better to organize the dressing.

Anatoly:

I do not have much experience, I have acquired 7 males and 23 females recently. I read a lot, I seem to know the theory, but practice is not enough. So far, I combine the maintenance of minks with my main work. I haven’t decided the sales issue yet, but I know that there are intermediaries who make skins and buy them without dressing.

As for the crisis, women have not worn less fur coats, hats and fur vests. Mink fur is perhaps the most popular now.

Business plan for breeding minks at home.

An approximate business plan for breeding minks at home

The cost of an adult female is 3 - 4 thousand rubles, of a male - 2.5 thousand rubles. The purchase of 200 animals will require 612.5 thousand rubles.
The cost of 1 cage is 2 thousand rubles, for 200 minks 400 thousand rubles.
Premises rental (per year) 360 thousand rubles.
Livestock maintenance (per year) 450 thousand rubles.
Wages of workers (per year) 240 thousand rubles.

Total: 2,062.5 thousand rubles.

Profitability and payback period of the business

One female brings 5 puppies a year, in a year the number will increase 5 times. After the sale of some of the animals (750 rubles / piece) and the sale of skins (2.5 thousand rubles per 1 piece), you can get 1,500 thousand rubles. Consequently, the investment is fully paid off in 2 years.

If the goal is primarily to increase the livestock, then making a profit is postponed for some time. The sale of dressed skins will bring more income (its cost is 3-4 thousand rubles). .

A business plan for breeding turkeys at home, as well as step-by-step instruction on its implementation contain

A mink breeding business will be successful with careful adherence to animal breeding technology. Failure can befall in the death of animals due to improper care. A competent solution to the issue of product sales is important.

Video instruction

For more practical information on how to breed minks at home, see the following expert advice video: