Raising quails for meat as a business. Free ready-made business plan for quail breeding. Equipment for the quail breeding business

Among the many business ideas, the quail business is especially worth highlighting. It has a high profitability, does not require special knowledge and financial costs, and besides, competition in the quail market is very low, which makes this type of business very attractive.

What is the quail business

The quail business consists of raising quails and marketing them to the market. At the same time, you can earn money not only by selling adult birds, but also their carcasses, eggs and even droppings.

The main points of sale of the goods are restaurants, supermarket chains, poultry factories and farms. Considering that quail meat and eggs are still considered a delicacy in our country to some extent, it is oriented this business to the cities of one million. In small towns, it will not bring the expected income.

There are two types of quail that are popular with us - ordinary, Japanese laying hen and pharaoh or broiler.

Common quail has a weight of 100 - 120 gr. and brings up to 300 eggs a year. Broilers weigh 250 - 300 gr. and carry up to 200 eggs per year. Immediately, we note that broiler carcasses are in less demand. This is due to the serving size. Such a carcass is too large for the preparation of one dish, but cutting it into two parts means spoiling the appearance of the dish.

Quails begin to rush at the age of 30 - 40 days, but by the year their productivity drops and the birds need to be updated. Eggs are stored for up to 60 days in the refrigerator and no more than 30 at room temperature.

It is possible to slaughter birds for meat from 2 to 3 months and, if properly processed, can be stored in the freezer from six months to 9 months.

Premises

Before you open your quail farm, you need to choose a room. One of the advantages of quail is that they do not take up much space. So, to keep 100 birds, you need only 0.5 sq. m.

The room in which the birds will be kept must be well ventilated as the birds need fresh air. At the same time, you should pay attention to the absence of a draft.

The room should have a constant temperature, about 18 degrees, and a humidity of 70%. The lighting should not be bright. A 40 W light bulb is enough. This is due to the fact that in bright light the birds begin to peck at each other.

If these conditions are violated, the bird will start to get sick.

For arranging a poultry house, both an old barn and a garage are suitable. You can even grow quails on the balcony, if it is well insulated and soundproofed enough (so as not to cause inconvenience to you or your neighbors).

The cages are placed at an incline of 10-15 degrees and equipped with a side for collecting eggs. As soon as the quail lays the egg, it will immediately roll down to the side. So it is much more convenient to collect it.

The material for the cage is galvanized or metal mesh, metal sheets, fittings, plywood.

An incubator is also needed, preferably with automatic egg turning. You can purchase both a special incubator for quails, and use a chicken incubator for these purposes, or even assemble it yourself.

Quail is a royal bird. However, these days, this luxury is available to almost everyone. The renowned value of this breed of chicken family lies in its low-alcohol dietary meat and legendary health benefits. quail eggs. Modern conditions allow you to breed quail almost in industrial volumes and at affordable prices. Population craze healthy way life and proper nutrition - this is the very chance to profitably sell the necessary and useful product. Get acquainted with the theory and proceed to the practice of breeding these birds for business. There is no doubt - the benefits are obvious!

Business concept

The quail business is young and quite promising. Occupation with these birds involves growing either for meat or for the purpose of hatching eggs. You will need enthusiasm and initial financial investment. But don't be alarmed by this - the return will delight you. Rest assured of profitability - breeders claim 200% per year. These are the golden birds they are.

Before getting down to the heart of the matter, consider the pros of a quail business and the possible risks.

The advantages of a quail business:

Business models

All cultivated species of quail are conventionally divided according to their specifics:

meat breeds;
egg breeds.

Breeding birds for meat

Quail meat breeds are popular with poultry farmers. For 2.5–3 months, with proper care, they gain sufficient mass for slaughter. On average, females gain 330 grams, males - 300 grams. But egg production is rather weak (only 150 eggs per year).

Individuals are taken for fattening from 30 days of age. This group includes males, culled females, specially raised young animals and birds that have passed the productive stage of egg production.

Famous meat breeds of quails in our country: "Pharaoh", "American albinos", "Texas giants". All of them are more demanding in terms of care and maintenance than quail of egg breeds.

Meat breeds of birds are placed in small cages or aviaries. In order for the birds to gain the right weight in the right time, you will also have to feed them competently. If proper care and feeding is organized, tender dietary meat in the planned amount is guaranteed.

Quail meat breed - video

Raising quails for eggs

Quail begins to lay eggs from 30-40 days. With proper care, one bird produces up to 25 eggs per month. Increased egg production is seen in birds that are kept either at home or on a farm. But when placing birds in nature, egg production is low: up to 100 eggs per year. The weight of one quail egg is 10 grams.

Quail eggs are characterized by fragile shells. Nature itself took care of the weak chicks, making it easier to leave the walls of their first home.

You can expect high egg production from quails up to 10 months, after which they grow old and rush much less often. Not always, but may be carried until they reach 30 months of age.

Eggs can only be carried by female quails without the participation of a male. In this case, the eggs will be unfertilized, and do not expect chicks from them.

At home, birds observe a peculiar egg production schedule. Almost like a working week: 5 days are carried, 2 days are rest.

Egg quails are placed in cage batteries, ensuring proper feeding, ventilation, lighting and a comfortable temperature.

The most popular egg breeds are Japanese Quail, English Black Quail, Estonian Quail.

Estonian quail - video

Business registration: profitable plan

With a far-reaching approach to growing quail, you should start with official registration. For the successful sale of goods to large retail chains you will need documents proving the quality of the eggs and carcasses.

Most suitable economic forms for quail business - LLC or individual entrepreneur.

Business forms and required documents - table.

If you plan to sell eggs on the market, you will need to obtain a veterinary certificate.

The consumer of quail eggs or meat must be sure of the excellent quality of the product. To enter a large sales market, it is not enough to issue a veterinary opinion. A serious wholesale buyer will ask you for an additional set of documents:

Certificate of conformity
Obtaining the original barcode for products
Acquisition or independent writing of technical specifications (TU).

When using packaging, a certificate of conformity for this very packaging will come in handy.

We'll have to do microbiological studies of quail eggs, which will be reflected in the corresponding act.

Now you are a thorough salesperson and you can count on excellent sales.

Farm opening

Room selection

The choice of premises must be approached with responsibility, be it rented or owned. Make a clear comparison between the possibilities of the premises and the requirements for the care and maintenance of quails.

These are the requirements for the premises:

Comfortable indoor temperature (the norm is 20 ° C, but fluctuations of 18-25 ° C are permissible).
Humidity (at the level of 50-60%).

In dry air, quails are eaten worse, they drink a lot of liquid. At the same time, egg production decreases, worsens appearance birds. This condition in quails occurs either in the summer in the heat, or with excessive heating in the room. The conclusion is to humidify the air as much as possible (you can arrange trays of water on the floor).

Fresh air. Its receipt should not be through. Quails suffer greatly from drafts, and this, first of all, will result in large-scale baldness of birds. Not only is there no aesthetic appearance, it is also accompanied by a decrease in egg production with the likelihood of death. By scientific approach in winter, 1.5 cubic meters should be supplied. fresh air per 1 kg of birds, and in summer - 5 cubic meters.
Lighting. There are no clear requirements for the presence of windows. It is even better if they are absent. For productive keeping of birds, daylight hours lasts 18 hours a day. Lighting is provided by incandescent lamps (40 W) or fluorescent lamps of dim light.

With round-the-clock lighting, egg production increases by 85%, but females wear out quickly and often require replacement. Bright light causes aggression in birds.

Sufficient area for quail placement. For egg breeds, the following ratio is sufficient: 20 birds per 2.2 square meters. area. For beef breeds, the placement is more dense: 30–40 heads per 3.6 sq. M.

Equipment for quails (maintenance and care)

Bird cages

Quail cages have clear design requirements. Farmers buy ready-made ones or make them themselves. The second method is cheaper.

To save space in the room, it is practical to install cell batteries in several tiers.

The walls of the cages are made of fine mesh, the frame is made of wooden blocks. Mandatory presence of feeders, drinkers, egg collectors for egg quail breeds.

Only the permissible number of birds is placed in the cage. Anything that is above the norm or below the norm does not contribute to the productive maintenance of the livestock.

If you are preparing to maintain a herd of 1.5 thousand heads, then you will need 6 six-tier cage batteries (when placing 45 adult birds in one cage).

The top of the cage is also made mesh to avoid bird strikes.

Every farmer can make their own cells. The drawing of their design is simple, inexpensive ones will be used Construction Materials: plywood, wooden blocks, fine-mesh metal mesh. The cost of one purchased cell battery will cost up to 10 thousand rubles. So consider the benefit.

Incubators for breeding birds

It so happened that the domesticated quail females have lost the instinct for hatching offspring. Without the help of an incubator, it is impossible to breed quail offspring.

The choice of an incubator depends primarily on the planned capacity of the eggs. On sale there are household, farm (1-3 thousand eggs) and industrial (up to 50 thousand eggs).

The correct selection of eggs for incubation is important. Inspection of each egg with an ovoscope is encouraged. It is not necessary to buy such a device; you can make it yourself.

It is important to inspect each egg before placing it in the incubator. Here are the main criteria for testing:

Egg weight (for egg breeds - 10 grams, for meat breeds - 14 grams). Small fluctuations of 1–2 grams are acceptable.
No cracks, strong roughness.
Egg color (moderate in variegation and fadedness).
The location of the air chamber (the egg is not suitable if the chamber is located on the side of the sharp end of the egg or on the side).
Number of yolks (one).
Correct egg shape (eggs with irregular shapes are discarded).

Checking quail eggs - video

Buying eggs for incubation

To reproduce the quail population, the farm maintains its own breeding herd. If there is no such herd, then you will have to buy eggs for incubation.

When purchasing eggs for incubation, it is important to be confident in the seller's integrity. Some marketers of eggs allow intra-tribal insemination of females, thereby reducing the rate of fertilization of eggs by up to 40%. Young growth in this case is displayed frail and painful.

Eggs of females older than eight months are consumed exclusively for food, they are not suitable for incubation.

Eggs older than 7 days should not be placed in the incubator due to the high risk of losing offspring.

Eggs of meat and egg breeds for setting in the incubator are selected by weight:

for meat breeds 12-16 grams;
for egg breeds 9–11 grams.

The eggs must be clean. Otherwise, they should be cleaned. Wash is contraindicated! You can gently wipe off the dirt with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, do not wipe dry, but let it dry.

Do not discount the fact that if the parent stock was not kept well enough, then the offspring will experience all the negative consequences of such care.

In order not to start your business with bad experience, take care of buying quality material for incubation.

Feather picking machine

Depending on the size of the poultry farm, a feather removal machine is additionally purchased. This device will reduce time costs and greatly simplify manual labor.

Drinker types

For only hatched chicks and up to 20 days of age, nipple drinkers are used. The advantages of these drinkers: high speed water delivery, protection from dirt and spills.

For older birds, special nipple drinkers with a 360-degree rotation angle are suitable. The bird presses on the drinker from all sides and receives water.

Vacuum shelves are a plastic bucket with a special ring on it. This ring is the drinker. This species is suitable for outdoor quail keeping.

Micro-bowl drinker. Most often used in automated lines. If the special tongue is in the water, its supply to the drinker stops.

Staff recruitment

In such a matter as raising quails, the phrase “Personnel is everything” sounds right more than ever. And if not all, then a lot.

A farm can be created by members of the same family. In this case, family members are one team, and everyone is equally interested in the profitability of the common cause. All responsibilities are distributed as far as possible among the members of such a team.

Otherwise, you have to hire personnel to care for the poultry, especially if the farm has more than one thousand heads. You will need services:

Bird care workers. One worker may well look after 1,000 birds.

It is important that the workers are balanced people and treat the quails with warmth. When caring for birds, you have to be extremely attentive to the manifestation of any changes in the poultry house, to react to negative factors in time. The worker will have to use all the senses in order to notice changes in the characteristics of the life of birds: smell, hearing, sight, touch.

A manager who will try to sell all the products of your poultry farm.
Accountant. In the process of doing economic activity there are many questions with customers and government agencies, which are better to be solved by a specialist.

And, in general, approach the choice of personnel carefully, because it depends on them how far your ship will sail.

Buying birds

If you decide to buy a bird, and not eggs for incubation, then you should contact quail farm... You can not only personally communicate with quail sellers, but also collect the necessary information about their decency. According to the experience of experienced poultry farmers, you should not blindly trust the seller in the selection of birds for your farm. If you do not understand young quail, then it is better to take someone more experienced to help.

The selection of quails for purchase is done as follows:

A bird is selected that has laid at least one egg (50 days from birth). The presence of egg production is the first sign that there is a female quail in front of you;
Pay attention to the quail's legs. They should shine, be free of growths and corns;
if you are examining a female, pay attention to the oviduct (it should not fall out);
the feathers of young birds are smooth, shiny, without bald spots;
healthy bird activity.

Be sure to ask the seller for advice on how to handle the bird. A caring breeder will definitely help you.

Quail care

Proper care of quails includes the following work:

Periodically (as it becomes heavily soiled), all cell batteries must be thoroughly washed to remove stubborn dirt. For this, the cells are soaked either in water or a special solution is applied to soak the dirt. Then all the dirt is washed off with a jet of water with a strong pressure.
All drinkers, feeders, water supply systems to drinkers are disinfected and thoroughly washed (once a month).
Sanitization of the locations of the cage batteries is carried out (once a month).
Every day it is worth cleaning the cage trays of droppings, crushed eggs.
Do general cleaning of the house once a week.
Disinfection of cells and incubators is allowed using a quartz lamp.

Quail feeding

Adequate feeding is the key to the rapid development of birds. Do not try to save money on feeding quail, this is a bad idea. Soon, such optimization only leads to irreparable losses.

The feed must contain all the necessary components for the growth and development of birds. It is quite possible for a novice farmer to cook it on his own.

First, we will talk about ready-made feed. They are considered balanced and save you time.

The commercial feed is half grain and the rest is supplements based on the age of the livestock.

Strictly adhere to the feeding rate for 1 individual according to the instructions for the feed. Underfeeding and overfeeding are highly undesirable.

Ready food for early ages in the first days of life should be soaked with water.

Examples of compound feeds for early ages and their composition - table.

Examples of compound feed for adults and their composition - table.

You can make your own bird food. It will not differ in any way from the purchased one in usefulness and value, and even surpass it. Quails are picky about food, but the value of the food cannot be lost in any case.

So, for self-prepared feed, young animals (from 0 to 30 days) will need:

770 grams of wheat;
300 grams of corn kernels;
75 grams of barley.

Mix and crush the grain!

1/3 teaspoon vegetable oil
1/3 teaspoon bone meal.
1/3 teaspoon salt and Stir EVERYTHING.

This amount of the mixture is enough to feed one quail for 1 month. When calculating feed per livestock, it is required to multiply each component of the mixture by the number of birds.

To prepare feed for adult quails, you will need to mix:

770 grams of corn kernels (thoroughly dried);
300 grams of wheat;
75 grams of dry peas.

Shatter everything!

1/2 teaspoon vegetable oil;
2/3 tablespoon of table salt;
2/3 tablespoon of chalk;
2/3 tablespoon of crushed seashells.

Stir the mixture thoroughly. The resulting mass is enough to feed one adult for one month. Let's multiply these indicators by the number of birds.

You can feed not only 100% ready-made feed, but also add additives to the feed yourself. For very small chicks - up to 10 days old - you can add chopped grass, low-fat cottage cheese (knead well), yogurt, an egg.

Young animals are allowed to eat up to 5-6 times a day, older birds 2-3 times.

Weekly quails eat 3-4 grams of feed per day, at the age of 15-25 grams. Males eat less food than females.

Young animals care - video

The development cycle of a quail from birth to a month - video

Preparation for sale

Poultry slaughter

Before slaughtering quails, you should not feed them for 5 hours. But give plenty of drink.

For convenience, it is best to use an automated line to give the slaughtered poultry a presentation. In the process of passing through such a line, the bird is decapitated in a certain cervical place, exsanguinated, and heat treatment is carried out (55 degrees). Next, limbs are cut off on a special machine.

The plumage is removed from the carcasses in a special centrifugal-type feather removal machine (plumage is removed up to 97%).

Chilled carcasses are stored at a temperature of 0 - +4 degrees Celsius for up to 4 days, after which they are frozen. So that they do not stick together, each can be wrapped in parchment. Frozen carcasses are stored at -18 up to three months. At the same time, they do not lose their taste properties.

Collecting eggs

Freshly laid quail eggs are carefully collected in convenient containers (plastic, cardboard) of 10, 12, 14 pieces. Eggs in a plastic container should "breathe" freely. There must be partitions between each egg. Eggs are laid with the blunt end up.

The collected eggs are stored at a temperature of +2 - +10 up to 25 days.

Growing quail at home

The smell from the bird is quite strong, so you should take care of the timely replacement of the litter (paper, clean sand).

If you intend to grow quail at home with profit, then we will talk about cages suitable for farms.

You can place cells in outbuildings. Walls and floors are whitewashed with quicklime to kill potentially harmful microbes.

A cage battery can be used to save floor space. Indoor conditions are similar for a farm (temperature, humidity, feed adaptations). Quails are fed by analogy with a farm.

It is permissible to keep quails in the home room, on the balcony of the apartment, while creating suitable conditions (sound insulation, thermal insulation, absence of sudden noise, dim light, lack of direct sunlight).

A livestock of 1 thousand birds may well be looked after by 1 person. You can raise poultry at home to get eggs and meat.

Now consider an example of the economic benefits of raising quail at home.

You can breed overfishing for eggs and meat. We make cages, feeders, drinkers ourselves - it's more profitable. First, you will try yourself in this business without additional costs, and with the first profit, you may want to improve everything.

You choose what age quail you want to buy. You can buy birds of different ages so that one species is already laying eggs and begins to pay off your project. Broiler quails will give you the opportunity to eat organic dietary meat, as well as provide such a valuable product to relatives, friends, neighbors (of course, with benefit).

To accommodate 100 quails, you will have to allocate 0.5 sq. m. of floor space (using a cage battery 2-3 tiers).

Initial costs - table.

Monthly expenses - table.

Monthly income, taking into account the fact that all livestock are egg-producing - table.

The net profit per month will be 1790 rubles from 100 birds. The optimal number of quails in cramped conditions (apartment) 500 - 1 thousand heads.

And for a private farmstead, the scope of the business can be done much more - up to 2.5 thousand quails.

It is unlikely that you will become a large breeder with such a livestock of birds, but you will earn money for a comfortable life.

Sales of products

The farm needs to establish regular sales of quail eggs for a number of reasons. This product is perishable, requires special conditions storage and transportation.

Well-functioning sales are a guarantee of your prosperity.

These are the marketing paths you can take into account:

Selling on the market in a designated place. Long-term lease is possible for the subsequent recognition of your products on the market.
Sales of eggs through a store, retail chains (possibly wholesale).
Opening your own website, where you can not only tell about your products, but also find a real wholesale buyer.
Selling directly from the poultry farm.
The contract for the supply of quality products to restaurants, cafes, canteens.

If you are an amateur poultry breeder, then sales can be organized in the same market, through friends and acquaintances. You will need a veterinary opinion on the product.

Advertising question

internet (free / paid classifieds sites);
newspapers (ads, ad modules, articles about your poultry farm);
rental of banners in public areas;
distribution / mailboxes of information leaflets;
creating your own website with the maximum useful information about your products;
informing through social networks;
leave your notes and comments on the forums;
Word of mouth is a win-win.

A small farm allows you to keep quails almost at home. Do not forget to emphasize this in your advertising!

Costs and revenues. Calculation of profitability

Let's consider an example of expenses and incomes for keeping 1 thousand heads of quails.

One-time costs - table

Monthly costs - table.

Monthly income - table.

We begin to receive profit from the end of the first month.

The daily income with the maximum taking into account all costs is 1250 rubles, and this is taking into account the hired employee for the livestock of 1,000 birds. Such work can be done independently, then the profit, respectively, will be higher. But to develop your own business, you will have to devote a lot of time to advertising and organizational matters(rent shopping places, consumer search, conclusion of supply contracts).

The quail business pays off quickly, the profitability (taking into account the recoupment of all costs) for 1 year will be 130%.

It is logical that with an increase in livestock, with a competent approach, profit will increase proportionately.

A bird such as a quail can be bred without unnecessary problems in an apartment environment. An insulated balcony is an ideal solution. If the area of the balcony is about 2.5 square meters, then 500 layers can be placed in it: for 200 heads, there is only enough space of 1 square meter.

The room temperature should be between 19 and 23 degrees Celsius. Therefore, in the cold season, when breeding quails in a personal plot, heating will be needed. In home apartments, the problem of heat is usually not addressed;
The average air humidity is 60%. If the air humidity is less, then the feather will begin to fall out of the bird;
Quails need lighting. But it should be dim. For a balcony or other separate room, a 40 W lamp is sufficient. In brighter light, birds begin to peck at each other;
There should be no drafts in the room.

The quail must be well fed so that meat and eggs are of sufficient value and the poultry is healthy. Since the quail business is not widespread in Russia, there is no special feed mixture for quails.

But experienced quail breeders noted that the bird prefers food containing:

Barley - 1 part;
Ground shell - 1 part;
Wheat - 6 parts;
Corn - 5 pieces;
Sunflower meal and / or fish meal - 7 parts.

Quails are bred in cages of about 40-50 birds. Cages are often built by novice entrepreneurs on their own, but the material - a metal mesh - must be purchased on their own. You can also buy ready-made cells.

Ready-made business plan for breeding quail at home

Quail reaches maturity at the age of 2 months. Egg breeds of birds produce 300 eggs per year and 100-120 grams of meat. Meat breeds - 200 eggs per year and 200-250 grams of meat. But in a year, the bird must be slaughtered, since egg production is noticeably reduced.

It turns out that for a year of life, a bird will lay 10 months, and this is 160-240 eggs from one quail. This figure reaches about 100,000 units per year.

The most difficult thing in this business is to find places to sell products. If the farm is still small (500 birds), then your relatives and friends should certainly become the first buyers of eggs and meat. At the same time, emphasis should be placed on the usefulness of eggs and meat, their dietary and nutritional qualities. This will not be superfluous, since the high value of these products has been proven by Japanese scientists.

The main competitors of quail eggs and meat are chicken eggs and their meat. Inform customers about the value of quail eggs and meat. Then sooner or later they will make a choice in favor of quail.

Your first customers will definitely tell their friends about the purchase of your products, and those will tell other people. And so your customer base will expand, almost like a nuclear reaction.

For the sale of eggs and meat in stores, it is necessary to collect a certain list of documents confirming that the products meet all standards. Collecting documents is a very troublesome business.

Therefore, you should establish contact with local poultry farms: they do not stand on ceremony with documentation, and they buy quail eggs very willingly. At the same time, the price of products will be lower, since the farm will need to re-sell it on the market under its own recognizable brand for its own benefit. But this way of marketing eggs and meat is very attractive.

Quail carcasses and eggs can be sold in restaurants. But in cooperation with any commercial organization, it is necessary to establish regular deliveries of products, otherwise you risk losing a place to market the goods.

What you need to breed quail

So to begin with entrepreneurial activity you need 500 quails, 10 cages and feed.

You can create a suitable microclimate at the expense of electrical energy for lighting and heating the room. The conditions for keeping poultry are described above.

All that remains is to collect the eggs in a timely manner, remove the droppings and slaughter the poultry.

In year 1, the bird eats 10 kilograms of feed. A year, 500 layers will require 5 tons of feed.

Since it is unprofitable to raise offspring with the help of brooding quails, it is necessary to purchase an incubator. With the help of an incubator, you can reproduce offspring all year round... Then there will be no problems with a shortage of poultry, and you will pass some crises in business development.

What is how much

500 quails, 100 rubles each - 50,000 rubles. This figure is very arbitrary. On the market you can find a bird for 50-150 rubles, depending on the breed of bird. Therefore, the purchase price of quails can vary from 25,000 to 75,000 rubles;
Cages for 40-60 places - 10 pieces, 1000 rubles each - 10,000 rubles;
Feed at the rate of 150 rubles per year for 1 bird - 75,000 rubles;
Electricity costs - 13,000 will be enough;
Small incubator - 5,000 rubles.

As a result, 153,000 rubles will be spent in the first year. If you make your own cages and choose cheaper breeds of poultry, then the costs can be reduced to 130-135 thousand rubles.

All subsequent years you will be spent only on feed and providing the bird with light and heat - no more than 90,000.

Now let's calculate the income:

Since egg production decreases annually and the bird is slaughtered, we will count the number of eggs received in 10 months. On average, this figure reaches 200 eggs. One egg costs 1.5 rubles. Total, from one bird per year - 300 rubles at the expense of eggs. From 500 layers - 150,000 rubles;
A kilogram of quail meat costs 300-400 rubles. One carcass - 100 grams. 500 carcasses - 50,000, or 50 kilograms, which is equivalent to 17,500 rubles per year;
Litter can also be sold. It is a very valuable fertilizer with a high nitrogen content. For 1 bag of droppings, you can get about 1000 rubles. You will be able to collect 2-3 bags per year, which will average 2.5 thousand rubles.

Total income for 1 year: 170,000.

Thus, the business of breeding quails at home pays off in one year with interest, and the subsequent keeping of the birds will generate income of about 80,000 rubles a year, which is about 7,000 rubles a month.

The income is small. But don't forget that this is a quail farm on your balcony. As your client base expands, your poultry population will increase 3-4 times, or even more. Incomes increase accordingly.

Then the net profit will be 21-28 thousand rubles, which is the average wages... And this is when caring for quails is extremely simple - only one or two helpers are enough, who will always be in the family.

Summing up

Having calculated the costs and incomes of the quail breeding business, you can make an unambiguous choice in its favor.

For the successful development of entrepreneurial activity, you need:

Provide optimal climatic conditions for poultry;
Build cells;
Purchase quail;
Provide adequate nutrition for the bird;
Remove droppings and collect eggs in a timely manner, monitor the egg production of each bird, slaughter it for meat;
Buy an incubator for growing offspring;
Find a place to sell products;
Expand your business as you expand your sales outlets. But for regular delivery to large shopping centers without intermediaries, a livestock of 5,000 layers and more is required.

You are only 8 steps away from a wealthy and easy life. If you manage to occupy your niche in the quail breeding business now, then in the future you will be able to prove yourself from the best side, and new entrepreneurs-competitors will not be able to press you in the market.

Videos on how to build a quail breeding business

Many people today are interested in the question: is quail breeding a profitable business or not? This case has many features and nuances, each of which will allow you to either succeed or incur significant costs.

Cost-effectiveness and benefits

Before taking any decisive steps, you need to carefully weigh everything, evaluate the advantages and disadvantages. The quail business is considered to be quite profitable, in the case of the right approach and the correct organization of all work, you can achieve profits of up to 100%. Compared to chicken, the production of quail eggs is several times more profitable. As for breeding for meat, the advantage is twofold.

Production cycle is short enough that the payback period can be up to 6 months.

The birds reach maturity in no time. For both meat production and egg production, it is literally 2-3 months from scratch. It is with these short terms and due to the rapid development of this business. The peak can be reached after 3 cycles, which is 6-9 months.

average price for eggs on the market is 15 rubles, and food - up to 5 rubles. The latter are especially popular due to the increased content of nutrients in it, as well as the complete absence of cholesterol in the composition.

It is quite profitable to sell carcasses of birds - they cost about 250 rubles apiece. Food costs are minimal. For your own farm, relatively little space is required, layers do not need to be walked, so all production can be organized in a small extension near the house.

Premises and equipment

Considering that birds take up very little space, you can organize a business in a fairly compact room. The main requirement is a calm environment. It is very important to stay away from city noise, as birds are extremely shy. Maintain the optimum temperature for dilution (+ 18-22 degrees Celsius) and humidity (65%), which requires appropriate equipment and control and accounting systems.

A sharp change in these parameters can lead to a drop in egg production or even the death of the bird itself. Cells should not stand in a draft - it can lead to the same problems.

In this case, it is necessary to ensure an adequate supply of fresh air - most often this is done with the help of an air conditioner. The volume of incoming air must be maintained at 2 cubic meters in winter and 5 cubic meters in summer, based on 1 kg of live weight of the bird.

An air conditioner or heater must be installed for the heating system. The latter must be equipped with a system that allows you to maintain the selected temperature in automatic mode.

Many experts also recommend purchasing an additional generator. It will help you not to fear freezing or strangulation of quails in cases where power outages occur. You can install such a generator for automatic start, which will allow you to maintain permanent job all systems.

Cells

The first place to start is to buy cells. Most often, the Japanese quail breed is taken for breeding. Up to 120 birds can be accommodated per square meter of cage space. At the same time, the height of the cage is only 30 cm, which will not allow the birds to jump. To increase the available space, cells are stacked on top of each other, creating up to 5 tiers.

At the same time, it is important to ensure the convenience of caring for the birds, since they will need to be fed, watered and, over time, collected. To the maximum, on square meter areas can be got up to 600 quails, but in practice, it is unrealistic to achieve such indicators. The reason is simple: too densely populated cages will not allow monitoring the state of the birds separately.

It is not at all necessary to buy specialized cages for keeping quails; they can be made independently from scrap materials - plywood and lattice, which will significantly save initial costs.

In any case, you should choose or make your own models that have a slight slope at the bottom, thanks to which the eggs will begin to roll off on their own. The cages themselves should be of a closed type - this will avoid the ingress of feed and droppings into them. As for drinkers, the drip option will be the best solution.

Incubator

Breeding quail leads to the fact that over time, female birds simply lose their instinct to hatch eggs. Thus, the need for an incubator becomes urgent, that is, the incubation of eggs must be artificially supported.

The optimum temperature for this is 37-39 degrees Celsius, much higher than room temperature. It is very important that the temperature in the artificial incubator is maintained at all times.

You can make such a device yourself according to the schemes, which can be found on the Web without much difficulty. Another option is to buy a ready-made solution in a store. On average, the prices of incubators vary from 3 to 6.5 thousand rubles. The price is influenced by the size, functionality and the presence or absence of the possibility of setting the temperature and humidity conditions.

Lighting

The light in the room should be turned on for 18 hours a day, and the intensity is also important - it should be less than 35 lux.

You will also have to provide for additional bulbs, which are mounted above the feeders, with a brightness of up to 20 lux. If these parameters are exceeded, the birds become overly aggressive.

Breeds for breeding

It should be noted that not all quail breeds are suitable for breeding for meat or eggs. There are also exclusively decorative and laboratory types.

Japanese quail

Also called ordinary. According to experts, the best option for breeding for the sake of eggs. One can produce up to 310 eggs per year. Moreover, the carcasses of this breed are also suitable for sale for meat, their average weight is about 200 grams.

As a result, in cooking, one carcass goes exactly for one serving of the dish. Another undoubted advantage is their endurance - they rarely get sick. Thus, this type of quail is the most profitable in financial plan.

Pharaoh

Mostly beef breed. The average carcass weight is about 320 grams, the average number of eggs from one female is 200 per year. However, they require much more care.

They owe their popularity to a rather spectacular look, as well as large carcasses, which, however, are not to everyone's taste.

French and Estonian

These species are quite similar to each other. The average number of eggs is 300 per year, the average carcass size is 300 grams. Least demanded among others, as marketable condition few people like carcasses.

Of course, you can breed quails and other species, but they are rather decorative and it is unlikely that you can get a more or less good income with their help.

Difficulties with implementation

Perhaps the main problem associated with this business is the problems with the implementation of the finished product. Growing quails on your own farm allows you to get two main products: eggs and carcasses for meat. Competition in this area is not very high, but at the same time there are considerable difficulties in finding a buyer.

Today the population prefers chicken eggs. Accordingly, large manufacturers on this market no, most of the product comes from small companies and private individuals. So where to implement finished products?

If we are talking about big business, in which more than a thousand quails are involved, the only option is cooperation with supermarkets and large stores. Reaching an agreement with small shops is by no means an option, sales in this case will be very low.

The ideal option is to conclude an agreement with a supermarket. The main task in this case, it becomes a search for arguments in favor of your particular product. It is not always possible to convince the administration of this or that trading network. You will also need to obtain a lot of relevant permissions from state structures that would confirm the safety of the product.

Sale of carcasses

Egg production in females drops sharply in the second year of life. As a result, it turns out to be simply not profitable to maintain it. The most obvious option would be meat slaughter with feather trimming.

It is quite difficult to do this on your own, so you will not be able to do without purchasing an appropriate free-standing centrifuge. It will help to reduce the time-consuming process to literally a few minutes, and the processing goes up to 10 carcasses at once.

Selling quail meat through large stores is a difficult task, it is much easier to deliver meat to restaurants, cafes and similar establishments. Oddly enough, the Pharaoh beef breed is the least suitable for this. It is taken very reluctantly due to the size of the carcass - it simply does not fit a standard portion. In this regard, the Japanese breed wins again.

Work force

With the growth of the business, it will certainly be necessary to attract additional workers to cooperate. Only a team can ensure uninterrupted work on a large scale. Employees of the enterprise will be engaged in the production of special feed mixtures, direct feeding and collection of eggs. They will also be engaged in cleaning the cells and incubator, as well as a number of related work.

According to experts, doing business alone is possible if you intend to keep no more than 600 quail birds. In the future, one employee will be needed, and when there are more than 1200 birds in the cages, you will have to hire a second, and so on.

Brief business plan

In general terms, the costs (600 quails) are as follows:

Only half of the young animals acquired at the beginning will be quail females. Males will subsequently go exclusively to meat, which somewhat reduces their value. On the other hand, all the initial costs will eventually be recouped, since you will no longer have to buy most of the above. In addition, over time, the bird population will begin to grow on its own, increasing the scale and profitability of the enterprise.

Output

At the initial stages, you can get by with a fairly modest initial investment and arrange quail breeding at home in order to test the model, doing production only for yourself and your friends.

After a little running-in, you can scale up and scale up production. True, for this, it is advisable to agree in advance with buyers in the face of large stores.

Video: quail breeding as a business.

The poultry (meat and eggs) market in Russia has been steadily growing since the early 2000s. Despite the many producers, including large ones, this sector is open to new entrants, especially when it comes to chickens.

The quail market shows positive development dynamics. Now, given the clear trend towards a healthy diet, the idea seems to be profitable. This material - detailed description peculiarities of business organization with economic calculation profit and cost.

Features of the Russian market for quail meat

The volume of production and consumption of poultry and eggs in Russia is growing. In 2017, the provision with poultry meat in the country was already 98.7%, eggs - more than 100%. Volume Russian market eggs for this period exceeded 160 billion rubles. (more than 400 million eggs).

In 2017, every resident of Russia ate slightly less than 300 pieces per year. eggs, this figure is growing by an average of 2% per year. Consumption of quail meat during this period increased by 3.1 kg to 33.5 kg per person.

The market is considered saturated. But we take into account that more than 90% of the products are chicken meat and eggs. The consumption of other products, including quail, is also growing, but the demand for them often remains unsatisfied. The potential is huge: for example, the capacity of the quail egg market in the Russian Federation is 20 times lower than in Japan. According to experts, with the growth of competition, consumers in stores will pay more attention to analogues. chicken meat and eggs.

Competitive product advantages

Quail eggs and meat are significantly healthier than chicken eggs - and these benefits should be used when promoting products.

The composition of quail eggs is much richer. They contain (in comparison with chicken):

potassium (5 times more);
iron (4.5 times more);
vitamins B1 and B2 (2.5 times more);
vitamins A, B 1, B 2, P, K, iron, phosphorus, cobalt;
several amino acids.

Quail meat is a delicacy: it is softer, juicier, more aromatic than chicken. In terms of chemical composition, there is also a difference. In him:

more proteins, vitamins and minerals;
less fat;
contains a large amount of fatty acids (polyunsaturated).

The health benefits of consumption have been known for a long time. Meat has immunomodulatory properties, improves condition internal organs and strengthens bones.

And, of course, quail meat is much tastier than chicken and rabbit meat.

Is it better to produce meat or eggs?

The quail business is good because the production is practically waste-free: you can sell both meat and eggs. What is the best choice? It is better to choose right away, since there are two subspecies of birds: meat and egg.

Quails of meat breeds, with proper care and feeding, gain 300-330 gr. (normal slaughter weight) in less than 3 months. Little eggs are laid. However, these birds are more demanding to care for. When raising meat poultry, you will have to devote a lot of time to caring.
After the first month of life, the quail begins to actively lay eggs; average productivity of 1 layer - 23-25 eggs / month. In this mode, they bear fruit for 10-12 months, after which they grow old.

Business plan: quail breeding - the main costs

Quails are demanding on conditions of detention. You need the right temperature, lighting, cleanliness. Therefore, when organizing a business, it is not worth saving.

According to the business plan for breeding quails at home, the following costs are assumed for organizing a farm for 500 heads:

Consumable item	Cost, rub.
Registration of individual entrepreneurs, obtaining permits
Creation of a farm (40 sq. M), internal work, poultry house equipment.
Purchase, installation, adjustment of equipment (incubator, brooder, refrigerators)
Purchase of poultry, 300 pcs.
Purchase of feed (for a month, 450 kg)
Wage, 3 people
Additional costs (inventory)

The population will quickly reach the designated value of 500.

Registration and documents

First, decide in what form to conduct your business. It all depends on how the entrepreneur intends to sell the product.

If you plan to work with small shops, private sellers, you can organize a business as a private household - personal subsidiary plots... It's easier, cheaper, and less paperwork. You need to get a certificate, an inspection certificate, a certificate from the veterinary service.

If a businessman wants to sell meat / eggs through retail chains, an individual entrepreneur must be registered. It is more expensive, since you need to go through many checks, obtain technical specifications, quality certificates. In general, this can cost about 50 thousand rubles.

By the way, an entrepreneur engaged in breeding birds can apply for certain assistance from the state (in obtaining loans or financial grants).

Quail breeding room

It is believed that the quail is not a particularly whimsical bird, but this is only partly true. The premises for a quail breeding business should be selected in accordance with the following requirements:

A constant temperature should be maintained at 20 ° C, it should not exceed 25 ° C or fall below 18 ° C. Otherwise, egg production drops noticeably.
The constant level of air humidity is 65-70%. Otherwise, the birds will feel uncomfortable.
Maintain lighting for 18 hours a day. Better to use lamps to adjust the time yourself. In this mode, the birds will live and lay eggs longer.
The supply of fresh air to a room with animals must be at least 1.5 cubic meters in winter and 5 cubic meters in summer. It is important to exclude the appearance of drafts.
For 50 heads, 1 cubic meter should be allocated. m of space for better egg production.

Equipment for the quail breeding business

The birds will live in cages (called batteries) which are arranged in several rows. These batteries can be installed vertically to facilitate maintenance. In addition, there will be more space in the room.

Drinking bowls, feeders, containers for manure are installed inside. For the eggs, special rolling trays are equipped to make them easier to collect (birds rush to the floor of the cages, it must be done at a slope of 12-13 degrees).

The batteries (rows of cells) must receive enough light - for this, the lamps can be installed at an angle.

Quail care

Raising and caring for quails will not take much time. The main thing is to keep clean:

flush batteries, remove stubborn dirt;
disinfect feeders and drinkers once a month;
daily clean the trays of cages from dirt, droppings, egg residues;
conduct a monthly general sanitary cleaning of the farm and poultry house, disinfect using a quartz lamp.

You can use a humidifier to increase the humidity in the house. Or just install plates of water - but then you can't keep track of exceeding the permissible level of this parameter.

Once a week, set bowls with sand and ash in the cells. Birds take a kind of "bath" in them, getting rid of lice in their feathers.

The farm should be located away from sources of strong sounds (highways, loud music) so that the birds do not get nervous.

Feed and breeding

The better feed base, the healthier they will be and the more eggs they will produce. You cannot economize on the stern.

Buy quality balanced feed. Birds should be fed with protein as they grow up. Adults are fed with food additives - various vegetables, herbs. All this provides vitamins and improves performance. Half of the feed is cereals (wheat, barley), the rest is nutritional supplements.

You need to feed 3 times a day, strictly in time. One bird eats 20-30 grams per day. - it is important to adhere to this value. All feed should be finely ground.

Fertilized eggs mature quickly in an incubator. After the chicks are raised in a brooder, a heated device that replaces the roost and allows the young to gain strength quickly.

Workers

A quail farm for 500 heads as a business does not require a lot of workers:

1 person is capable of serving, looking after birds. The worker does not require any special qualifications. He must timely eliminate the factors that irritate the quails, create comfortable conditions and take good care of the birds. The employee must monitor the condition and behavior of birds, track changes in their life.
Sales Representative. Will establish contacts with cake chains, conclude contracts for the supply of products.
Driver with a car. Its task is to deliver goods to the points of sale on time.

A veterinarian and accountant can be outsourced, although the latter is only needed if there is a legal entity. An individual entrepreneur can deal with all the reports on his own.

Sales

Before delivering eggs to retail outlets, they need to be packaged. To do this, you should order plastic containers suitable size. They need to apply their own labels, which should be pre-ordered and printed at the printing house.

The sale of quail eggs and meat is the most complex issue... This product is perishable, the demand for it in Russia is just being formed.

There are several ways to sell farm products:

creation of a small company store;
sales, including wholesale, to retail chains;
sale directly from the farm;
delivery of eggs / meat to restaurants, catering establishments.

You can also buy a car, install refrigerators in it, come to sleeping areas and sell goods directly to residents. Or distribute to your friends and acquaintances.

An additional way to make a profit is to sell the young stock to other farms.

Marketing

In the absence of widespread demand, it is important to organize effective advertising your farm. In order to reduce costs, it is recommended to use publicly available methods of information: advertisements on the Internet, newspapers, social networks, on internet forums. BTL methods are also effective:

distribution of leaflets at shops;
Spread promotional materials by mailboxes;
carrying out promotional events, promotions directly in retail outlets.

An effective method is “word of mouth” (that is, the dissemination of information by word of mouth through friends / acquaintances, acquaintances of their acquaintances). It is worth participating in agricultural exhibitions - it is possible to find wholesale buyers there.

Focus on the real benefits of quail eggs, on the fact that with their help you can improve your health and recover faster from some diseases.

Calculation of profitability

According to the business project for quail breeding, to open a small quail farm investments in the amount of about 300 thousand rubles are required.

400 birds a month will bring 10 thousand quail eggs. 100 heads will be slaughtered.
The cost of 1 egg on the market is 3 rubles on average. Accordingly, the monthly proceeds will amount to 30 thousand rubles. The price of 1 carcass is 100 rubles, that is, 10 thousand rubles. monthly. Total revenue - 40 thousand rubles.
The cost will be approximately 30% of this amount (most of the cost will go to feed). In monetary terms, this is 12 thousand rubles.
Index net profit is equal to 28 thousand rubles. per month.

A small farm will pay for itself in about 11 months, and then it will bring a stable income.

Pros and cons of growing quail as a business

A quail business at home has several advantages:

the farm needs a little space;
birds grow quickly and begin to lay eggs;
quail is easy to keep;
quail rarely get sick;
production can be made waste-free, even manure can be sold (as fertilizer);
no need to spend money on a large staff of workers;
weak competition in the market with growing demand;
products are good for health.

There are not many disadvantages:

The bird is sensitive to noise, temperature, humidity and light.
The consumer market is not yet developed, the demand is unstable. Because of this, problems with the sale of products are possible. This leads to an increase in the payback period.

Quail farm - promising direction... Despite the obvious risks and "unaccustomedness" of the Russian consumer to quail meat / eggs, an entrepreneur who will be engaged in this business now may become the basis for the formation of a new market in the Russian Federation, gradually diversify the business and open large production... The step-by-step plan provided in this article will help you assess the profitability of your business and start a farm, being aware of the potential difficulties.