Business plan for breeding goats 300 heads. How to organize a business raising goats. Goat farming as a business
A business in the agricultural sector can bring considerable profit. This method of earning money is especially relevant for residents of rural areas. Do not know ? We will help you decide.
To begin with, it is very important to choose the right direction, to occupy a free, profitable niche, only then can you count on a stable income. Previously, we have already talked about breeding quails, raising pheasants and even parrots, but today we will consider an equally profitable idea - breeding goats as a business.
Goat breeding as a business: profitability
Adults and children probably know about the beneficial properties of goat milk. It is used both in nutrition and in medicine and cosmetology. In addition, wool and meat can be obtained from goat breeding. The main thing is not to forget that only strong offspring are suitable for business, so it is extremely undesirable to allow breeds to mix.
Before you start raising goats, you should evaluate the profitability of the business. To do this, you need to analyze the level of demand for products and competition. You should also calculate all the costs of implementing a business idea, its payback period and profit.
I would like to note that competition in the field of goat breeding is not too great. But the demand for products is constant. From this we can conclude that goat breeding is profitable as a business.
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Goat farming business plan
Before you begin to implement an idea, you must draw up a competent business plan. It will help you correctly distribute the available starting capital and ensure that you receive profit in a short time. In the sections of a business plan for goat breeding, it is worth noting the financial and organizational aspects of the issue and calculating in detail all the costs, payback periods and profits from the business.
Business registration
If you decide to start a business in agriculture, then your type of activity must be legally registered.
- First of all, you should choose a material and legal form of activity; as a rule, most people choose individual entrepreneurship; this is more profitable for beginning businessmen. It is also necessary to provide the statistical authorities with OKVED activity codes (breeding goats, selling dairy products). In addition, it is necessary to obtain a state number - a OGRN certificate.
- The next step is to submit an application to the administration to lease or purchase land for agricultural purposes.
- Obtaining permits for farm activities and product sales from the sanitary-epidemiological service and Rospotrebnadzor. Obtaining permits for the operation of the farm premises from the fire and environmental inspection.
- Registration of ownership or lease agreement for land and premises.
An experienced lawyer will help you collect the entire package of necessary documents; this will significantly reduce your time.
Choosing a goat breed for breeding
The price of animals will depend on their breed. Therefore, at the initial stage, decide how much money you can spend on purchasing purebred animals. Buy goats from farms that specialize in their cultivation; the animal must have all the documents confirming its breed and preventive vaccinations against diseases.
The most popular breeds of goats for breeding at home: Gorky, Russian, Saanen, Tenburg.
Having decided on the breed, proceed to the next step - landscaping the territory and premises for breeding and raising goats.
Breeding and keeping goats at home
Raising goats at home for beginners is quite a difficult task. If you do not have any special farming skills, then you need to study in detail all the literature about the rules for keeping, raising and breeding goats at home. Only after this, begin the process of breeding animals.
Building a farm from scratch is quite a financially expensive undertaking. It is more profitable to find empty premises in rural areas, former cowsheds or stables. Make some minor repairs to these areas and they will become suitable for keeping goats.
Land lease
Goats are herbivores that need constant grazing and walking, so the farm area should be spacious. If you don't own a property, rent an area that needs to be sown with perennial grasses for goat grazing.
Arrangement of the farm premises
Goats are heat-loving animals and do not tolerate severe frosts. Therefore, it is worth equipping a room for their maintenance with everything necessary for the comfortable killing of animals there. Inside, the room should be warm and dry, without drafts. It is recommended to install a water supply system, install a sewer system, and build your own boiler room to heat the premises. It is also necessary to equip a separate workshop for milk processing and a room for storing animal feed.
It is worth considering that each animal must have an area of at least 4 square meters. There must be a clean bedding of straw on the floor in the stall. It is also necessary to equip feeders and drinking bowls for goats. These animals grow better and produce more milk if they are grazed in the fresh air, take this nuance into account. In the warm season, build pens where animals can graze freely without a leash.
Farm Equipment
The main product you will receive from a goat farm is naturally milk. Therefore, it is necessary to purchase milking machines for goats. To save money, many farmers redesign the milking machine for cows, taking into account that goats only need two suction cups per udder. Foreign-made milking machines for goats, for example, DeLaval, are quite expensive, so not everyone can buy them, but converted ones are no worse, but much more economical in price.Feeding goats
The quality and volume of milk will directly depend on the nutrition of animals. Therefore, it is necessary to provide goats with a complete, healthy and vitamin-rich diet.
In the summer, goats eat mainly green grass and hay; compound feed can also be used as complementary food. In addition, it is necessary to add a variety of vitamin supplements to the feed to strengthen the immune system and prevent animal diseases.
In winter, goats usually consume hay or bundles of young tree branches prepared in the summer. On average, an adult animal consumes about 1.5-2 kg of hay per day. Therefore, during the summer, you need to prepare a lot of feed for your goat farm.
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Goat Farm Maintenance
Breeding and keeping goats at home is quite difficult for beginning entrepreneurs. Managing even a small goat farm on your own is quite difficult. Therefore, it is advisable to hire assistants. Animals require constant care, feeding, cleaning of the premises, processing and delivery of dairy products to collection points. As you can see, it is almost impossible for one person to cope with all this.
To begin with, hire one or two assistants, depending on the size of the farm. There should also be a veterinarian on staff, because animals can get sick, this is very serious; do not skimp on the services of a professional.
Profit from a goat farm
Dairy
Most often, goats are bred to produce milk and related products such as cheese, cream, and butter. A lot can be said about the benefits of goat milk; it contains immunoglobulin, which is used for medical purposes for the treatment and prevention of serious diseases (tuberculosis, asthma, bronchitis). Milk also contains a lot of calcium, protein and vitamins; it is an excellent substitute for breast milk when feeding babies. Goat's milk is also used in cosmetology; all fashionistas have probably heard about Cleopatra's rejuvenating baths.
The amount of milk production and the quality of milk depends on the breed of goat. Some even give about 5-6 liters per day, for example, Saanen goats.
Goat milk can be handed over to collection points or you can start producing related products: cheese, butter, cream. Such a product can be sold at a much higher price.
Sale of young animals
In addition to milk, you can sell young animals to farmers. A certain amount should be left for further expansion of the herd, and the other part of the animals can be sold profitably. Young goats are used for slaughter for meat; it is very tasty and has beneficial properties.Sales of products
It is very important to take care of a profitable distribution channel for finished products. You can process milk and... Alternatively, you can sell the products, or limit yourself exclusively to delivering milk to buyers.
Dairy products on store shelves are presented in a wide range, but mainly from cow raw materials. There are also goat products in supermarkets, but in smaller quantities and at a fairly high price. At the same time, there is always a demand for goat milk and its derivatives. Therefore, it makes sense to open a goat farm and provide the market with healthy products. Another benefit is that competition in this segment is low or non-existent. So it makes sense to create a goat farm business plan to understand what investments are required, where to choose a location and when the net profit will be received. In the article we will give an example of how a business plan for a goat farm should be drawn up with calculations before the project is implemented.
Basic input for the project
Type of activity: livestock farming, goat breeding.
Address: settlement outside the city, private farmstead.
Premises: brick outbuildings with attic space for hay storage. Room area – 40 sq. m; of which 30 sq. m – for keeping goats, 10 sq. m – for storing equipment, containers, feed. A separate room is for storing milk before sale.
Land for walking herds - 50 acres.
Number of heads: 20 adult goats, 1 female goat. Gradual expansion of the herd due to offspring.
Land and premises for keeping goats on property.
Working hours: daily.
Estimated milk yield: 4 l/d from one goat, up to 80 liters from the entire herd per day.
Service list:
- Sale of raw goat milk to citizens directly from the farmstead or at the market.
- Sale of young meat not suitable for milk production.
Legal form
Based on the fact that an individual has a subsidiary plot that is suitable for raising goats, the home mini-farm will be registered as a peasant farm (peasant farm). Registration is carried out with the tax service. Before contacting the Federal Tax Service, you must obtain an agreement form for the establishment of a peasant farm from the local administration. This form must be signed by all members of the household. The document must indicate:
- All members of the household.
- The head, elected from among the participants.
- Common property, rights and obligations.
The rest of the registration procedure takes place at the tax office. The head of the peasant farm fills out an application indicating the activity codes according to OKVED:
- Main activity: 01.4 “Livestock husbandry”.
- Additional: 01.45 “Raising sheep and goats.”
When expanding the list of services (processing milk into cottage cheese, cheese), codes for additional types of activities can be added.
Taxation
There are several taxation systems for peasant farms, but for a beginning farmer it is beneficial to use the Unified Agricultural Tax (Unified Agricultural Tax), which does not require strict accounting. The tax is fixed and is paid in two times. This is a preferential system provided for the agricultural sector.
Additionally, you will have to pay land tax and contributions to funds.
Farm equipment
A room for keeping goats has been built, but it needs finishing, communications and equipment for feeding and milking goats. We will enter all the necessary items and costs into the table:
This is an approximate list of costs for equipping a mini-farm. Some tools may be on the farm. You can do carpentry work yourself. For bedding, mow grass that is unsuitable for feeding. The biggest expense is the cost of equipment. You can look at private advertisements and buy used devices.
Additional expenses
In addition to equipping the goat farm with equipment and necessary items, for full-fledged operation you need to buy goats and provide them with food. We will also reflect these costs in the table:
At the initial stage, large investments are required in animals. You can choose cheaper goats, but this may affect the amount of milk. In the future, expansion of the herd will be possible due to its offspring. You just have to change the male so that there is no mixing.
Farm staff
A mini-farm for goats requires constant monitoring and care. Personnel are required for this purpose. In our case, the farm will be run by two families of close relatives who alternately carry out work on the farm. The main functions are performed by the head of the peasant farm. Wage costs go only to the services of a veterinarian and shepherds during the goat grazing season. Part-time or temporary agreements are drawn up with them.
Salary costs depend on the personal agreement and the number of services. You can enter an hourly rate.
There are few difficulties in the work of staff on a goat farm, so there is no need to hire specialists. Members of the peasant farm will only have to master the use of the milking machine and the rules for caring for it.
- At the initial stage of operation of the mini-farm, the goats will be fed manually. One person can place food and pour water.
- Milking requires two people to avoid delaying the process.
- To clean the premises, men are required - 2 people (hard work).
- The total number of participants is 6 people.
If one of the family members wants to work only on the farm, then an employment contract can be concluded to gain experience and contributions to social funds. Salaries correspond to the regional subsistence minimum. All contributions are calculated from this.
Employees are interested in quick payback and demand for goat milk, so no additional motivation is required.
Timeframe for putting the farm into operation
Goat farming can be started at any time of the year. In our case, the goat farm should start working in the spring so that the goats have time to adapt and can be quickly transferred to pasture. The room (box) has already been erected. Requires finishing, equipment and communications, purchase of animals. The deadlines for the work are shown in the table:
| Type of work | March | April | May |
| Registration of peasant farms | + | ||
| Collection of documents for the farm | + | ||
| Projects for premises, plumbing, electricity, fire safety, ventilation, heating, waste disposal | + | ||
| Purchase of lumber and components for laying communications (pipes, cables, heating elements) | + | ||
| Installation of partitions, communications, ventilation, fire systems | + | ||
| Purchase of equipment and supplies for the farm | + | ||
| Purchase of goats and feed. Equipment installation | + | ||
| Checking animals by a veterinarian | + | ||
| Search for clients | + | + | |
| Starting a farm | + |
Large-scale work is not required to start a mini-goat farm. Therefore, you can prepare and open in three months. In May the weather is warm and greenery appears. The goats will be out on the run most of the day. At this time, the goats' milk volume increases, which gives greater profitability than in the winter season.
Is there any benefit from farming?
A goat farm in the format of a peasant farm on the family’s own land is not designed for industrial scale. But its profitability is obvious if the farmer knows the intricacies of keeping goats and understands where he can save money and where it’s worth investing in full. To understand over what period the return on investment occurs and when the net profit will come, you need to calculate the average monthly income of the farm.
Suppose one goat will produce 5 liters of milk per day. In total there are 20 heads on the farm. The total daily milk yield is 100 liters.
The price for 1 liter of goat milk is 120 rubles. The entire milk yield will cost 12,000 rubles. But in winter, milk yield will decrease due to gestation and reduced daylight. Monthly income is shown in the table:
These are approximate estimates of annual revenue. The indicators can be influenced by various factors:
- Adaptation of goats to a new place.
- Diseases.
- Incorrectly selected diet.
- Feeding regimen.
- Stressful situations.
- Costs of feeding young animals.
Therefore, in the first year, the average monthly income may not be 300,000, but 250,000. We will set this amount aside for further calculations.
The costs include:
- Investments at the farm development stage.
- Registration and execution of documents, preparation of projects.
- Purchase of animals and feed.
- Funds to maintain the farm at the initial stage until net profit appears. 1,200,000 rubles were spent.
From monthly revenue we will subtract the costs of feed, components for milking equipment, veterinarian’s salary, vaccines, utility bills, taxes (about 150,000 rubles). Some cost items are not relevant for every month, so costs will vary depending on circumstances.
On average, net revenue remains 100,000 rubles. In 13-15 months, the goat farm will pay for itself and will generate a profit of 100 thousand rubles or more monthly. Considering that young animals will appear, which can be kept to increase milk yield, if demand increases, then income may be higher. Additional income can be obtained by selling manure, young goats to other goat breeders, skins, and meat. Therefore, the profitability of a goat milk business is obvious.
Product promotion
When creating a business plan for a goat farm, it is necessary to analyze the market for the presence of competitors with whom you will have to reckon. But there is no serious competition when it comes to goat products. Even if the store has goat milk, cottage cheese or cheese, the price is high, and the consumer is not always confident in the environmental friendliness and nutritional value of the products. Young mothers (and not only) more often choose fresh goat milk from their grandmother.
Therefore, the roads are completely open. It is necessary to think about ways to attract customers at the initial stage. If the milk is tasty, then popular rumor will spread the information throughout the area.
- Announcements at public transport stops, at the entrance to shops. You can print them yourself.
- Announcement in local media.
- Selling products on the market.
- You can buy a barrel on wheels and bring milk to residential areas of the city, indicating a telephone number on the container.
- If milk turnover increases, wholesale buyers can be found.
To reach store shelves, a quality certificate for milk and appropriate packaging are required. These are additional expenses that are feasible for a large farm or dairy enterprise. But we need to strive for this.
Additionally, you can promote your goat farm via the Internet by creating a website or page on social networks. Here you will need the help of a specialist, but only at the stage of its creation and promotion. In the future, all the work can be done personally, posting interesting information about the wards, the benefits of goat products, price lists and other interesting events. You can offer a milk delivery service over the phone, acting as a courier.
You need to take care of attracting the target audience only at the first stage and then maintain the reputation of a reliable supplier. In the future there will be no end to customers.
Eventually
Goat farming is a promising business in the field of agriculture. Many farmers choose cows for their purposes, citing the large amount of milk and the possibility of processing into fermented milk products. But there is a lot of competition in this direction, and more serious investments are required.
Breeding goats for profit can be started at home, and gradually grow into a serious enterprise. The state has a positive attitude towards such business plans and helps young farmers with preferential taxes and subsidies. If the business plan is drawn up correctly and has convincing calculations, then success is guaranteed to you. Go for it while the niche is relatively free!
Today, agriculture is actively developing due to the increasing demand for organic food. Goat breeding can be a help to livestock breeders specializing in keeping other types of domestic animals, as well as an independent business organized from scratch. In any case, it is necessary to pay attention to the peculiarities of this activity, since only a competent approach to the matter will lead to the extraction of a stable income.
Goat breeding as a business: advantages and disadvantages
Raising goats is not too difficult a task compared to keeping cows, especially for those who have already had experience caring for small livestock, but in general, goat raising is a labor-intensive type of farming.
The main components of their successful maintenance are:
- setting aside a fenced area where goats could graze;
- arrangement of a comfortable room for overnight accommodation and milking of livestock;
- proper feeding of animals and their careful maintenance;
- competent choice of breed depending on breeding purposes and maintaining its purity;
- timely vaccination.
If you consider all the above aspects, goat farming will become a profitable activity. There are 3 target areas of goat business:
- raising goats for meat;
- keeping them for milk production;
- caring for goats to collect wool;
- breeding of breeding goats of valuable breeds for further sale of kids.
Today, there are about 30 goat farms in Russia, with more than 300 goats and 4 farms with a thousand goats. All other goats are kept in 3-4 head each in private household plots throughout the country.
Like any other business, goat farming has its pros and cons.
Goat milk has many beneficial properties
Table: advantages and disadvantages of goat farming business
| Advantages | Flaws |
| Goat milk is in great demand due to its beneficial properties. | Difficulties in reaching the maximum farm load due to the reluctance of retail chains to deal with private farmers |
| Goat meat is rarely found in stores | You need to have knowledge in the field of goat breeding and farm management, otherwise there is a risk of ruin |
| Goat wool is very popular and is actively used for the production of hosiery and yarn. | Low profitability |
| A small area is enough for goats to walk, unlike cattle. | Care must be taken to maintain the purity of the breed |
| Keeping goats is beneficial in terms of purchasing feed | Some goat breeds are difficult to find and buy |
| Low level of competition | It is difficult to find a plot of land with the possibility of connecting to communications |
| Participation in government farming support programs is possible | The need to maintain large livestock to achieve economic efficiency of the enterprise |
| You can expand your business by starting your own dairy production | - |
| No significant costs for owners of their own land plots | - |
In order to start a goat breeding business, you must go through the following preparatory stages:
- Decide what will be sold in the end - dairy products, wool, meat, young animals, or all at once.
- Draw up a business plan, study the risks, assess the feasibility of the undertaking, and familiarize yourself with the rules for keeping animals.
- Register as an individual entrepreneur and register with the tax service.
- Find a piece of land for walking animals.
- Build (purchase) and prepare the premises.
- Purchase the necessary equipment and feed.
- Decide on a sales channel for finished products.
- Buy goats of the selected breed.
If you approach the issue of opening a goat farm correctly, you can avoid unjustified financial losses and speed up the return on investment of your business.
Goat milk business
The demand for goat milk is high and stable due to its beneficial properties:
- goat milk is recognized as the best hypoallergenic breast milk substitute for babies;
- it is capable of cleansing the human body of radionuclides;
- goat milk contains a large amount of proteins, vitamins, micro- and macroelements (potassium, iodine, iron, calcium);
- polyunsaturated acids of milk fat normalize cholesterol levels in the blood, restore the body's protective functions and increase immunity;
- Goat milk is healthier than cow milk - it contains more retinol, carotene, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol;
- Goat milk is fatty and high in calories, but is easily absorbed by the body. In addition, it has good taste;
- it is popular in cosmetology - products based on it have a beneficial effect on the appearance of skin and hair.
Goat milk is used in the treatment and prevention of asthma, bronchitis and tuberculosis due to the immunoglobulin it contains.
Goats begin to produce milk from 14 months, but due to the peculiarities of goat selection in Russia, animals have to give birth every year in order for them to have it, and in the last 2 months before giving birth it disappears. Therefore, the lactation period of a goat is 10 months a year.
A good goat can produce up to 700 liters of milk annually, and during its life the animal manages to go through 5–7 lactation periods. Due to their increased metabolism, high-yielding goats live on average up to 8–9 years.
On Dutch farms, goats give birth once in their lives, after which they produce milk for 3–5 years.
Experienced farmers have concluded that a dairy goat farm is the only way to make a significant profit from goat breeding.
Sale of goat hair
To make a profit, the business of producing goat fluff, wool and skins must be supplemented by the procurement and processing of milk, as well as the sale of meat from culled or adult goats.
Goat hair and down are raw materials for the manufacture of warm and environmentally friendly blankets, hosiery, down jackets, scarves and yarn. The skins are used to make shoes and decorative items.
The chance of concluding an agreement with a factory that is ready to purchase raw materials from private farmers is small. Often you have to learn how to process down, make yarn, and knit winter clothing. You can sell goods on the market or via the Internet, but then there is no talk of serious business.
The production of wool and fluff can be a side hustle, but the profitability of the business is achieved only by processing milk.
From one goat, depending on the breed, you can get from 300 to 900 grams of wool every year
Sales of goat meat
A meat farm will not need equipment for milking, but practice shows that raising goats for meat is unprofitable. Meat processing plants do not want to buy goat meat from farmers; it can only be useful for specific regional food products. It makes sense to only slaughter culled dairy goats.
Goat diseases are difficult to treat; even a short-term draft provokes pneumonia and up to 60% of livestock deaths. The mortality rate of newborn goats is 50%, which leads to high costs.
Another reason why goat meat farming is inappropriate is poor feed conversion per kilogram of goat weight. To ensure rapid, full growth of the kid, it needs to be fed with mother's milk. He drinks up to 100 liters of milk, which could be sold. In 2.5 months, the young grow only up to 13 kg. The meat yield is 45%, which is an average of 5 kg of meat, the cost of which is 6 thousand rubles. Goat meat is sold by farmers for 65 rubles per kg, as is a liter of milk.
Conclusion - the most efficient use of resources and space to produce goat milk will be.
To sell goat meat, it is better to enter into an agreement with a restaurant
Raising purebred kids
The advantage of a farm where goats are bred for the purpose of producing offspring for sale is the fact that there is no need to purchase milking equipment. It becomes unnecessary to obtain permits for food production and quality certificates.
Goats typically produce two kids per goat. An animal can give birth every year. If obtaining milk is not the main goal of the enterprise, then the goat will live 15–17 years, and the productive life expectancy will be 10–12 years.
Even in the case of a dairy farm, raising young animals is more profitable than buying them. There is practically no place to purchase purebred livestock in Russia, and it is expensive. The purchase of a kid, its transportation from Europe, veterinary measures and payment of VAT will cost the farmer approximately 700 euros in total.
The cost of a self-raised goat is about 12,000–15,000 rubles, and it can be sold for 30,000–40,000 rubles.
Breeding productive breeds of goats is a promising activity in Russia due to the shortage and high cost of many varieties of goat kids, but to obtain permits and the status of a breeder, it is necessary to go through a complex bureaucratic procedure and have a livestock of 30 thousand goats. Otherwise, you can only count on small businesses and low income at the local level.
Buying a purebred kid in Europe will cost 700 euros
Goat farming business plan
Before deciding to open a goat farm, you need to carefully assess your own capabilities and risks. A well-thought-out business plan will make it clear that the small turnover of an enterprise will soon ruin it, and large-scale production will require huge investments. Even if you manage to collect initial capital through personal funds, loans and government subsidies, the profitability of a goat breeding business will be 18–20%.
Production plan for a goat farming business
When developing a production plan for a goat farm, it is necessary to take into account the needs of goats and the specifics of their maintenance.
Feeding and milking are carried out at a certain time, otherwise the stress of the animals will lead to a decrease in milk yield. Vaccination should be carried out by an experienced veterinarian after receiving the results of the goat's blood test.
Goats require a special diet and living conditions on the farm. They need special milking machines, not cow ones.
The main component of a goat breeding business is the goats themselves, and the amount of revenue depends on their health.
Goats require special housing conditions, feeding and daily routine
Choosing a goat breed for breeding
There are more than 60 breeds of goats in the world today; breeders continue to work on developing new breeds.
The most popular breeds in Russia are:
Saanenskys. Dairy-meat breed. They are distinguished by their large weight (an adult - up to 90 kg, newborn kids - 3–5 kg), fertility, early puberty, and high productivity (they produce up to 800 liters of milk per year, the lactation period is 10–11 months).
The Saanen goat breed is a dairy goat.
Toggenburg. Also a dairy breed. They easily tolerate acclimatization and are used to improve local breeds.
The Toggenburg breed is popular due to the ability of goats to acclimatize easily
Russians. Dairy-meat breed. Popular due to its ease of care.
Goats of the Russian breed are easy to keep
Azerbaijani rough-haired. Milk-meat-wool breed. It is inferior in productivity to other listed breeds, but produces a large amount of goat fluff.
Azerbaijani coarse-haired goats are selected for their large amount of fluff.
Angora. The breed is bred mainly for the production of fluff and long soft wool, but milk can also be obtained from it along the way, and at the age of 6–7 years (the fluff is combed out before this time) the goats are slaughtered for meat.
Angora goats are prized for their long, thick hair.
Selection and preparation of premises
The main rule when arranging a room for keeping goats is that it should be dry, warm and cleaned in a timely manner. It is better to have your own sewerage system, water supply and boiler room.
One goat should have at least 4 m2 of area. There should be enough feeders and drinkers for each individual. Preference should be given to stall housing; free-range breeding - it is better to refuse a leash.
The walls of the farm are built from insulated layered masonry. It is recommended not to pour concrete on the floor of the stall. Bedding must be provided. It is necessary to regularly add straw and change the entire layer at least 2 times a month, depending on the number of animals.
The premises should be divided into a pen for young animals, a place for dairy goats and a maternity room.
Goat farm equipment
Farmers claim that domestic milking machines are less reliable and productive than foreign ones. With regard to refrigeration equipment, preference is also given to foreign manufacturers.
The equipment, without which the functioning of a large goat farm is impossible, including tractors, mixers and loaders, was not much more expensive abroad before the change in the exchange rate than in Russia, and therefore was imported from Europe. However, with the devaluation of the ruble, farmers have to purchase domestic and Belarusian analogues.
Procurement of feed for goats
On average, one goat requires 0.7 bags of crushed grain and 2-3 rolls of hay per month (in winter) or free access to fresh fodder plants in the field (in summer). Goats consume alfalfa, hay, haylage, and concentrates. It is not advisable to give silage - the milk subsequently smells sour.
A goat is a small animal, but it eats 2–3 rolls of hay per month
Table: daily diet of a goat
Organizational and legal plan for a goat breeding business
Before purchasing equipment and searching for a farm, you need to decide on the expected volume of production, the willingness to risk personal property in the event of debt, the desire to develop and reach the global level. This is necessary to choose the organizational and legal form of doing business and the taxation regime.
Business registration
It is necessary to legalize the business - register the enterprise and obtain all the necessary permits to conduct activities.
- If you plan to open a small goat farm, it is better to give preference to the organizational and legal form of individual entrepreneurship (IP). In the case of organizing large-scale production, it will be more profitable to open an LLC. When filling out the application, indicate the activity codes (OKVED) depending on the direction of production:
- 01.45.1 (breeding);
- 01.45.2 (production of raw milk);
- 01.45.3 (production of unwashed wool and hair);
- 01.45.4 (breeding goats);
- 01.62 (haircut services);
- 10.11 (production of plucked wool);
- 10.51 (milk processing).
- Regarding the issue of renting or purchasing land for a cattle farm, you need to contact the administration of the locality.
- Then you need to contact the State Committee for Land Resources to carry out land surveying of the selected area and prepare technical documentation, subject to approval by several government services.
- The received papers are submitted to the Land Cadastre Center, and the plot is assigned a cadastral number.
- The technical administration department (formerly BTI) issues a technical passport for the farm building.
- Rospotrebnadzor and the fire inspectorate give an opinion regarding the organization of the farm. Rospotrebnadzor also issues permission to sell products - examinations will be carried out.
Choosing a tax system
The amount of profit after paying all taxes and fees depends on the correct choice of taxation system.
Business registration is the first step to legal activities
Table: comparative analysis of tax regimes
| Comparative characteristics | BASIC | Unified agricultural tax | simplified tax system | UTII | PSN |
| Taxes paid |
|
Unified Agricultural |
|
|
|
| Tax rate |
|
6% |
|
15% | 6% |
| Object of taxation |
|
The amount of profit minus costs |
|
Imputed income | Potential profit |
| Restrictions | No |
|
|
|
|
Collection of documentation
You can start goat farming only after receiving the following list of documents:
- company registration certificate;
- notification that the taxpayer has registered with the Federal Tax Service;
- act of ownership of a plot of land (or right to lease);
- document on assigning a cadastral number to the land;
- technical passport for the farm premises;
- certificate of lease or ownership rights to production premises;
- conclusion of the environmental inspection;
- fire inspection report;
- certificate, declaration of conformity of product quality;
- sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for dairy products.
Without obtaining all permits, production cannot begin
Recruitment
Typically, the business owner takes on the functions of director. You will also have to hire a full-time accountant or resort to outsourcing. The same applies to a veterinarian - the enterprise will have its own specialist or you need to enter into an agreement with a third-party company.
For a farm with 300 heads of livestock, it is advisable to hire:
- 12 general workers;
- 12 milkmaids;
- 6 packers;
- 2 equipment;
- 4 loaders;
- 2 drivers;
- 2 cleaners.
Large enterprises will have to hire staff
Search for sales channels
Unprocessed milk is almost impossible to sell - there are few dairy factories in the country that are ready to work with goat milk. There are only three large factories that agree to purchase raw materials.
In the first stages, raw milk and meat can be sold in local markets. With the organization and achievement of large production volumes, we can talk about concluding contracts with food retail chains. Goat meat is rarely sold in stores - you need to try to conclude an agreement with the restaurant.
Marketing plan for organizing a goat farm
To successfully start a business, it is worth developing a loyal customer base who are ready to buy milk every day. Next, you should start studying the principles of work and receiving products for further sale in local markets. It will probably be possible to organize the delivery of goods to hospitals and sanatoriums. As the farmer gains experience, he can move on and enter into agreements with retail chains.
Such a scheme will first allow you to understand the production processes, accustom the animals to the daily routine, study their habits, give them time to get used to and grow up. Stable production, at which it will be possible to plan the volume of milk produced, will appear in two months, or even in a year. It is better to sign contracts with legal entities when production reaches full capacity, otherwise penalties may be imposed for short deliveries of the agreed volumes of dairy products.
In general, if the price of the product sold is lower than the cost of imported dairy products, increased demand for goat farm products is expected due to the almost complete absence of competition.
Financial plan for a goat farming business
According to goat breeding business owners and financial experts, only a dairy farm with at least 300 goats will be profitable if you save on staff and involve family members in the work. At the same time, having its own processing production gives the company a chance to gain a foothold in the market. It is expensive to process small volumes of milk, and you have to additionally process purchased cow's milk.
We will analyze the financial side of a purely goat farm that produces milk, meat and wool.
Calculation of initial investment
Business in agriculture requires large investments. Setting up one goat place costs about 120,000 rubles, if we talk about a farm designed for processing raw milk and producing dairy products. We will assume that the land was purchased and the goat farm was built, so we eliminate the rental costs.
Organizing a goat farm requires large investments, but with the right approach, the investment will certainly pay off
Table: calculation of the amount of initial investment
| Expense item | Amount (rub.) |
| State fee for registration of individual entrepreneurs (LLC) (excluding letterhead, seal, electronic signature, lawyer’s services) |
800 (4000) |
| Purchase of a plot of land with the possibility of connecting communications (minimum 2 hectares, if you do not grow green food yourself) | 15 million depending on region |
| Buying or building a farm | 36 million (at the rate of 120 thousand per goat place) |
| Purchase of equipment for a mini-farm (rakes, forks, milking machines, cans, shipping containers) | 800 thousand (based on 300 heads) |
| Purchase of equipment for a large enterprise (milk receivers, equipment, agricultural machinery) | 10 million |
| Purchase of young animals: | |
|
|
| Feed costs for the first month: | 900,000 (in winter - hay, in summer - sowing grass) |
| Vaccination | 30 000 |
| Salaries | 1 000 000 |
Insurance deductions:
|
|
| Payment of utility services | 200 000 |
| Transport and equipment maintenance costs | 50 000 |
| Taxes | 900,000 (if you select the simplified taxation system “Income” with a tax rate of 6%) |
Unforeseen expenses may also arise - equipment breakdown, mass extinction of livestock, etc.
Calculation of fixed costs
When calculating monthly costs, you need to take into account that about 100 thousand rubles are spent on heating per season. In winter, half a man-day is spent clearing snow from the farm area. In the spring-summer period, the largest part of the revenue comes from the sale of milk, while in the autumn-winter period the sale of hard cheeses helps out - we will not take into account the specifics in the calculations.
Table: calculation of fixed cost items
Industry problems
One of the technological problems of goat breeding is the pronounced seasonality of mating (insemination) of goats - from August to early December. 60% of all goats are covered in September and October. It is possible to inseminate part of the herd from March to early April. Hormonal stimulation is not common in Russia due to its low effectiveness, complexity and high cost.
There are also problems with government regulation of goat farms. The insurance premium for occupational accidents associated with working with goats is set at 4.5%, while for working with cows it is only 2%.
Importing biological products of cows (sperm of breeding animals) from abroad is not difficult either in a documentary or technical sense, which cannot be said about goats.
The benefits of goat's milk have been proven: it does not cause allergies in children, and sanitary rules allow the inclusion of goat's milk in the menu of preschool institutions. But instructions in kindergartens directly prohibit its purchase - it will not be possible to conclude an agreement with them.
Finally, expanding production to export to Europe is extremely difficult.
Calculation of possible income
Due to the sanctions imposed against Russia, the import of many imported types of cheese became impossible, and therefore the production of cheese products within the country became more profitable - their prices increased significantly. The devaluation of the ruble guaranteed the closure of the Russian market from imports of products even after the lifting of sanctions. Thus, the price of one kilogram of cheese in stores has reached the level of 2000–2500 rubles, and a farmer can sell them his product at a price of 1000 rubles per kilogram.
Table: estimated income from sales of goat farm products
Let's calculate the possible income of a goat farm of 300 dairy goats (we don't count goats), specializing in the production of raw milk. 100 goats are slaughtered for meat annually. Along the way, the company sells goat fluff and manure. Let's take revenue for a period of 1 year.
Dairy goats produce an average of 700 liters of milk per year. Raw milk is sold at 65 rubles per liter.
700 l x 65 rub./l. x 300 goats = 13,650,000 rubles.
One goat gives birth to 2 kids per year (300 goats - 600 kids). 100 goats weighing 65 kg each will be slaughtered. The price of 1 kg of meat is 65 rubles.
100 goats x 65 kg x 65 rubles/kg = 422,500 rubles.
Dairy goats, not downy. This means that you can only comb out 300 g of fluff from a goat per year. The cost of 1 kg of fluff is 40 rubles.
300 goats x 0.3 kg x 40 rubles/kg = 3,600 rubles.
One goat produces 3.25 kg of manure per day.
300 goats x 3.25 kg/day x 365 days = 355,875 kg/year.
355,875 kg: 50 kg x 100 rubles = 711,750 rubles.
Total revenue: 14,787,850 rubles.
Remember that this is only revenue, not net profit.
Assessing the economic efficiency of a business
If you focus on the possibility of receiving government subsidies, serious production can be brought to the break-even point, and then to achieving profit. In some regions of Russia, local authorities actively subsidize the dairy industry; there are compensations:
- for keeping livestock;
- for the purchase of equipment;
- parts of the interest rate;
- for the purchase of livestock;
- for the cost of obtaining 1 liter. milk (in the case of goat milk, compensation reaches 9–11 rubles per liter).
The state can compensate on average up to 15% of initial costs.
Table: calculating the profit of a goat farm for 300 heads
As we were able to see, having a herd of 300 goats and processing only the raw materials of your own farm is not enough to start making a profit. Expenses and revenues are almost equal. It is necessary to either buy more livestock or purchase milk (goat or cow) from outside in order for production to start at full capacity - this will also reduce the cost of production. Government subsidies are necessary for the survival of such businesses.
A goat farm is a relatively “fast” business. A goat is ready to breed at 14 months and in most cases gives birth to two kids, while a cow gives milk from 2.5 years and gives birth to only one calf. The devaluation of the ruble and the food embargo have led to an increase in the price of goat cheese, and there is little competition in this market segment. Organizing a goat farm is a profitable business, but only on the condition that a large number of livestock are purchased, your own dairy production is opened, and the farmer has knowledge regarding the management of this type of livestock farming or the ability to hire a specialist.
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High demand for organic food has affected. Goat breeding as a business is of interest not only to novice entrepreneurs, but also to experienced breeders. Goat breeding is a labor-intensive activity, but with the right approach, the farm will generate high income, and the investment will pay off within a year and a half.
Goat farming as a business has several directions:
- Sale of meat;
- Sales of milk and dairy products;
- Trade in baby goats;
- Sales of goat wool.
Goat meat is not very popular among buyers, but is a valuable dietary product. It contains proteins, minerals, vitamins, and amino acids. Goat meat is consumed by adherents of a healthy lifestyle, people with weakened immune systems, and nursing women.
Goat wool is used as a raw material in factories for the production of clothing, yarn, and bedding. In addition, leather items and shoes are made from goat skins.
Raising goats for milk is the most. Dairy products are in high demand due to their beneficial properties. In addition, many buyers trust goods produced at home, so they choose rural products.
Raising kids for sale is considered. This direction does not require purchasing expensive equipment or obtaining permission to produce food. The cost of a breeding goat on the market is several times higher than the cost of raising it.
Note! The first thing you need to do before opening a farm is to decide for what purpose the goats will be bred. If an entrepreneur has sufficient knowledge in the field of livestock farming, he will be able to organize a business producing several types of products at once.
Is it profitable to keep goats?
Among the large number in the field of livestock farming, many entrepreneurs are interested in 
namely goat breeding. The attractiveness of this business is as follows:
- Goats are unpretentious animals. They reproduce well in their own backyard and do not require special nutrition;
- The cost of keeping a goat is minimal;
- The state provides support and subsidies to private farms;
- Low competition in the market;
- Almost waste-free production.
Like any other aspect of livestock farming, goat farming as a business has its disadvantages. The main ones include:
- The entrepreneur lacks the necessary knowledge about goat farming, which leads to numerous mistakes and closure of the farm;
- Difficulty in selling products. Retail chains prefer to work with large suppliers;
- Difficulties with purchasing young animals. Some popular goat breeds are not sold in Russia.
Before implementing the project, the entrepreneur must decide on priorities, study the basics of livestock farming and the sales market for the products. A correct and serious approach to organizing production will help avoid unjustified financial losses.
Preparing to open a farm
How to start a goat farming business? At the first stage, you will need to choose a place to build a goat farm. If an entrepreneur plans to do business on a small scale, outbuildings on a personal plot are suitable as premises. In addition, it is necessary to have a place for walking animals and storing food.
Note! In order to build a modern complex, it is necessary to provide for all the features of animal breeding. A typical goat farm design will help to optimally place buildings on the site and properly equip the premises.
Premises requirements
To open a large farm, you will need to find a spacious premises, next to which there will be pasture areas. Electricity and water supply must be connected to the building. Without these communications, the entrepreneur will not be able to obtain permission to operate from Rospotrebnadzor.
The room for keeping goats should be dry, warm and clean. The area of the goat's rue is calculated depending on the livestock. For one adult it is necessary to allocate from 2 to 4 sq.m. in the paddock. Accordingly, a small farm for 50 heads can be placed on an area of at least 100 sq.m.
Goats do not tolerate cold well; this factor must be taken into account when building a farm. It is not recommended to fill the floor with concrete in a goat barn. Straw is used as bedding, which must be changed 2-3 times a month. The stall must have compartments for young animals, milking goats and a maternity room.
Farm registration
The second step towards the implementation of a business idea will be the preparation of documents with the Federal Tax Service. When registering, you must present codes from the OKVED list suitable for conducting activities.
It is preferable to register a small goat farm as an individual entrepreneur. When opening a large enterprise, it is more profitable to register an LLC.
The farm will not be able to operate without permission from regulatory authorities. The entrepreneur must contact Rospotrebnadzor and obtain a certificate from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. In addition, you will need permission from the fire service and the environmental supervisory authority.
Equipment
In order to receive milk, the farm must be equipped with milking machines. If an entrepreneur plans to sell cream and sour cream, you need to additionally purchase separators and mixers. The equipment can be either manual or electric. When purchasing equipment, preference should be given to foreign manufacturers. Feedback from farmers suggests that foreign devices are more reliable and durable than domestic ones.
The goat farm is equipped with refrigerated chambers for storing products, heaters and fans.
Goat diet
In summer, goats eat grass, and in winter they eat hay. In addition to vegetation, the animal diet includes root crops, grains and vegetables. If the farm raises goats for meat, mineral supplements and vitamins are added to the feed.
Particular attention should be paid to drinking. The water should be fresh and not cold. In hot weather, goats are watered three times a day, in normal times - 2 times.
An important part of any project is drawing up a business plan. It allows you to assess risks, analyze the sales market, and understand 
Is it profitable or not to raise goats? According to experienced entrepreneurs, a goat farm with at least 100 heads is considered break-even. The farmer and his family members will be able to independently maintain the enterprise, while saving on personnel.
Large-scale production requires significant financial investments. In Russia, the beneficial properties of goat milk and meat were underestimated for a long time, so large complexes for 1000 heads were rare. However, the food embargo and government support for agriculture influenced the development of this area of livestock farming. Investments in opening a plant with goat housing are at least 50 million rubles.
As an example, consider a family farm with 100 animals. The entrepreneur plans to sell milk, meat, young animals and goat hair.
Note! The first season is the most difficult. This is due to the fact that goats begin to produce milk at 10 months. Therefore, you will need to be patient and wait until the young animals grow up.
Let's calculate the income that 1 goat brings:
- 700 liters of milk per year, at a price of 150 rubles per 1 liter;
- 50 kg of meat, the average cost of 1 kg on the market is 200 rubles;
- 500 grams of wool - 400 rubles per 1 kg;
- 2 kids per year – 20,000 rubles.
When drawing up a business plan, you should take into account the monthly costs of maintaining the farm. One goat brings up to 100,000 rubles in income if the farm has permanent sales channels and continuously sells its products. Payback for a properly organized business occurs on average in 1.5 years.
Video: goat breeding as a business
Goat farming: profitability
The beneficial properties of goat's milk are undeniable, so this product is used not only in nutrition, but also in cosmetology and medicine. But in addition to milk, you can get meat, wool and fat from the livestock. Full-fledged offspring are a guarantee of a successful business, and in this case, mixing breeds is not recommended.
The most popular breeds for raising goats are:
- alpine;
- Nubian;
- dairy Saanen;
- British;
- Russian;
- Gorkovskaya;
- Mingrelian
When creating a business plan, you need to follow the following aspects:
- breeding goats with subsequent sale of dairy products;
- breeding healthy offspring for the purpose of sale.
Where to start in your chosen business? First you need to obtain reliable information about the level of demand for a certain type of product. And also scrupulously assess the scale of production of competitors. There is a pleasant point in this business: the demand for products is always high, and the competition is small.
Sample business plan for a goat farm
When calculating for 100 heads of goat mini-farm, you will need an amount for:
- Purchase or repair of a finished farm – 1,000,000 rubles.
- Purchase of young livestock for raising full-fledged offspring - 1,000,000 rubles.
- Milking room – RUB 800,000.
- Purchase of equipment, installation and purchase of tools – 200,000 rubles.
- Tanker for selling milk – 500,000 rubles.
- Purchase of feed – 50,000 rubles.
- Business registration (other expenses) – RUB 100,000.
Also, the financial business plan provides for not only one-time expenses, but also permanent ones. These include:
- Payment of utility bills.
- Deduction of wages to employees.
- Payment of monthly land taxes.
- Feed costs.
- Insurance deductions.
- Other expenses.
According to preliminary estimates, a goat farm of 100 heads will produce approximately 1,000 liters of milk every month. Selling even at the lowest price will allow you to receive a stable income.
Taking into account unforeseen expenses and all kinds of losses, revenue can be in the range of 500,000 rubles. With such indicators, business profitability will reach the level of 48%. And this says that after 1.5 years of stable operation of the farm, business at home pays off. It is not difficult to draw up a business plan for 50 heads, systematically dividing all expenses by half.
Workroom equipment
For the smooth operation of a typical goat farm project and obtaining the highest quality milk, you need to take care of purchasing equipment. To do this you should purchase:
- milking machines;
- separators for processing milk into sour cream, butter, cream;
- room heaters;
- means of ventilation.
Breeding and keeping heads
For beginning entrepreneurs, raising and keeping goats in their own backyard is not an easy task. If you have never encountered 
farming, then you should study special literature on methods of growing, feeding and maintaining fertile offspring. Having secured all the necessary knowledge, only then can you begin the breeding itself.
Goats are herbivores. For them, green pasture is a haven for rapid growth and weight gain. Therefore, the farm area must be spacious enough for them to walk.
Also, we should not forget that goats are afraid of frost, but at the same time quickly adapt to warmth. The premises for housing animals must be dry and insulated on the inside. It needs to be equipped with a water supply, sewerage and heating appliances.
Animal feed can be stored in a separate room. According to environmental standards, the milk processing workshop must be kept clean and tidy.
More milk yield can be obtained under conditions where animals are grazed every day in the fresh air. In the summer, it is better to equip the livestock in special pens so that they are not kept tied.
Feeding the animals
The amount of milk yield and the taste of milk directly depend on the animal’s diet. Therefore, they need to be provided with adequate nutrition with a vitamin complex.
In winter, goats receive dried hay, branches of young trees and bushes as food. Compound feed should be included in the daily menu. A healthy pet needs up to 2 kg of hay per day, so in the summer, take care to prepare it in large quantities.
In summer, the cost of keeping a goat in terms of food is low, because its main food is lush green grass, fresh branches of young trees and their leaves.
In any season, to strengthen the immune system, animals' bodies require vitamin supplements. We should not forget about mineral complexes for the prevention of diseases in livestock.
Home Farm Maintenance
One person will not be able to breed and maintain a goat farm. Even to raise goats for milk, not to mention other related products, you will need helpers. In addition to care, cleaning of premises, feeding of animals, and supply of products for sale are required.
As farm workers you need:
- milking operators – 2 people;
- general workers – 2 people;
- accountant – 1 person;
- veterinarian – 1 person;
- supplier (seller) of products – 2 people.
In order to save money, the services of an accountant and veterinarian can be used periodically. An agreement should be concluded with them.
Please note: per 1000 heads, more service personnel will be needed, because this fact is due to an increase in production volume.
Opening a mini-farm: is it profitable to keep goats?
Goat dairy products are rich in vitamins, calcium and protein. Milk is also an excellent folk healer for serious diseases (asthma, tuberculosis and bronchitis). Chronic coughs are successfully treated with goat fat.
For cosmetic purposes, the animal product is used to make creams, masks and mousses for the body and face. Cleopatra's rejuvenating baths are proof of this, and have been used by beauty connoisseurs for many decades.
And if a future entrepreneur thinks about whether it is profitable or not to start such production, then there is always an advantage in the direction of business profitability. Goat milk can be sold, delivered to specialized collection points, or milk can be processed to make products (sour cream, cream, cheese).
All these listed goods are sold at a higher cost, so there will certainly be a profit from their sale.
How to register your business
Starting a business in agriculture requires legal registration.
- Choose a legal form of business. For a beginning entrepreneur, as an option, individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneurship) is a convenient form.
- The OKVED code of the selected activity (goat breeding) is provided to the statistics authority.
- Extract of OGRN certificate (state number).
- Application from a farmer to purchase (lease) a plot of land.
- Certificate of permission to sell products from the SES (Sanitary and Epidemiological Service).
- Certificate of permission from the fire service to operate the premises.
- Extract from the permit from the environmental service.
- Registering your own business.
It will take about 3 months to collect all the necessary documents. To reduce your time, seek help from a competent lawyer.
Additional income from the farm
If you are serious about raising goats, then you can increase your income from the farm based on the options offered.
- Sale of young animals.
- Sales of meat.
- Delivery of skins to procurement points.
- Manufacturing of milk-based products.
Numerous reviews from farmers leave no doubt that with the right business structure, you can achieve significant success in the field of agriculture.
Conclusion
The goat breeding business is a difficult but attractive area of agricultural entrepreneurship. Profitability is high, and minimal competition allows you to get a stable income. The farm will be profitable if the entrepreneur has the necessary knowledge in the field of animal husbandry.
A skillful approach to business guarantees a constant income and high profitability, provided that you are a rural resident. For the urban population, you can choose an alternative option that does not require searching for territory and meadows for grazing.
Do you think the goat business is profitable?
I think yes
Kira Stoletova
Any successful business is based on a detailed calculation and determination of the strengths and weaknesses of a business idea. Goat farming as a business is currently becoming increasingly popular and profitable. Particular specificity of calculations of the pros and cons in this matter is mandatory even for any branch of animal husbandry, since a lot here depends not only on the type of animal, but also on the choice of a specific breed. He considers the goat milk business profitable and not so widespread, so novice entrepreneurs can safely take on a new business.
You can expand your activities and supply markets, restaurants and cafes not only with pure and high-quality milk and meat, but also start producing goat cheese. With the right approach, goat breeding as a business is quite a profitable business. First you need to calculate profitability and open your own business. After which the farm will give you the opportunity to earn money by supplying meat, cheeses and milk. Dairy goats as a profitable business with the right approach will pay off within 6-12 months.
To decide to create a mini-business, you can chat on the forum with the owners of such enterprises, watch videos and study what dairy goat breeds there are. A dairy business plan for raising goats or a mini farm can be a good alternative for raising and breeding chickens or pigs. To calculate whether it is profitable or not, you can draw up a business plan, how many animals are needed, what space is required, and whether you can carry out proper rearing and breeding of animals.
Profitability of goat farming
The most important advantage of keeping goats is that they are easy to care for. To create adequate living and nutritional conditions, it does not require a lot of expenses or special premises. You can start raising goats without a large start-up capital, which is important for businessmen just starting their business. The state also provides support to private farms by providing preferential loans. A good argument in favor of developing goat farming is the lack of high competition; with the right approach, you can take a good market share.
Keeping and breeding goats is distinguished by the versatility of production: all waste products can be sold - from milk to manure. But, despite such versatility, the dairy business needs to bet on improving the quality of one of the products, which will make the product unique and in demand. Correctly set priorities are important because this will later help you choose the necessary breed that meets the stated requirements.
Do not forget about analyzing the market in this industry - this will help you decide on specific products and the dairy business will develop. It is imperative to have a business plan taking into account all expenses and potential income, which will help make adjustments to the production process if there are deviations from the given plan. This will show how long it will take for such a business to pay off and begin to generate its first income.
What can you put on sale when raising goats?
- Obtaining dietary meat.
- Dressing of skins.
- Sales of milk and cheese.
Goat products
Goat products have their own differences, first of all, a specific smell. The opinion is stereotypical, but it can play a decisive role in the success of such a business as the dairy business. Therefore, efforts must be made to eliminate as much as possible the negative impact of such nuances on the further development of production. Many people do not want to bet on the development of goat farming precisely because of the smell, but few people know that if simple rules are followed, these factors can be minimized. To do this, it is necessary to provide the necessary conditions for keeping goats. You should mainly pay attention to nutrition, because the reason for this smell lies in the peculiarities of the metabolic processes of animals. It is also recommended to keep individuals of different sexes separately. It is important to follow slaughter technologies, especially during skinning - it is thoroughly washed to give it a marketable appearance and remove the smell.
Focus on goat meat - it has beneficial properties that are little talked about. First of all, meat is easily digestible and is dietary - this can be emphasized in comparison with beef or pork. It is suitable for use regardless of age. Moreover, such meat has a large range of useful substances and contains the necessary proteins, vitamins, amino acids, and minerals. Its cholesterol content is minimal - this advantage will certainly be appreciated by older people.
Raising goats has no waste materials
All parts of the animal and all waste products are sold. Milk is also supplied for sale. It is good because it does not cause allergies and has a healing effect, in particular, in the treatment of diseases of the stomach and lungs. But keep in mind that, despite the described advantages, milk is not in great demand. But this can be corrected thanks to good advertising - many people simply do not know about the positive qualities and benefits, and by providing such information, you can count on an increase in demand.
Think about expanding your range - it’s easy to make cheeses from milk at home, and if you improve the recipes, such products can potentially become an additional source of income.
The wool and down direction of goat breeding deserves special attention. Shoes, sheepskin coats, and coats are made from goat skins. To achieve results in this direction, you should focus, first of all, on quality. As a rule, this requires keeping special breeds. Such goats differ in weight, quality characteristics of wool and fluff, diet, quantity of offspring, quality of meat, requirements for maintenance and care.
In order to make the best choice, the livestock breeder must become familiar with the characteristics of different breeds. Assessing your own capabilities and choosing the direction of goat farming should form the main basis of the business plan. Now, knowing about the advantages of individual areas, it is easy to calculate the profitability of the business and you can begin to implement the idea. Everything will work out because goats are unpretentious animals compared to other livestock.
Nuances of business registration
Legalization and a business plan for breeding domestic goats provides additional guarantees for the further development of the business. In principle, if you plan to have a small livestock that you can keep in your homestead and the profitability pays off, then you can open a peasant farm. Any business requires legalization. Before registration, you should decide on the status - individual entrepreneurship (IP) or farm (peasant farm). The cost of registration itself is small, and as for paying taxes, a simplified system at the initial stages allows you to optimize budget allocations.
For large-scale production, you need a farm and you need to obtain a different legal status. In this case, it is better to register a limited liability company (LLC), which will allow you to work with domestic and foreign large companies and state-owned enterprises. The differences between all these forms of ownership are in the maintenance of accounting records and the features of the tax system. The relevant government agencies involved in registering entrepreneurs will help you make the best choice; they will provide more detailed advice.
How to set up a farm?
After forming a business plan and legal registration of the business, you should address the issue of arranging the farm. First, you should choose a location so that the goat housing is close to the pasture. Premises for keeping goats should have comfortable conditions with a stable warm and dry climate inside. For winter maintenance it is necessary to provide and equip a heating system. A farm cannot fully function without water supply and ventilation. For ease of cleaning, it is recommended to make the floor at a slight slope. They think in advance about storage for feed and a building for the manufacture and processing of products: cheese production or hides.
An important component of the place of detention is its distribution into special zones. On the farm, it is better to provide an area for young offspring, a section for males and a section for pregnant goats, where they will care for the young. The area for milking and fattening livestock for slaughter is separately landscaped. In the last section, goats can be kept together with castrated males. It is worth remembering that for one individual the farm must allocate at least 2 square meters. m. area. But this indicator may vary depending on the selected breed.
Pay attention to the construction of feeders - goats need to be provided with maximum free access to food, water, and that cleanliness is maintained. For breeding domestic goats, minimal restrictions on space and movement are important. When keeping animals in a stall, it is advisable not to tie them up. For the same reason, in the warm season, they are regularly walked in the fresh air for a long time. It is the presence of sufficient areas for grazing that has the best effect on goat milk yield. Another advantage of good pasture is saving on feed, which will make goat farming even more profitable.
We make economic calculations
Goat farm is a profitable business in Cherkasy region
The same amount will have to be spent on initial nutrition - mineral supplements, feed. This also includes veterinary services, as examinations and vaccinations are carried out regularly. With such expenses, a net profit is possible in three years, but if you manage to arrange supplies of products, expand sales markets and increase the range, the payback will be earlier. So, it all depends on the desire of the farmer and a responsible approach to business - the more you work, the sooner you will start earning money. Goat breeding is best done by a person who is willing to devote time and attention to the animals. The pet goat business requires a lot of time and effort to make a profit.