What allowances does the state give when opening a private enterprise? How to receive money from the state when opening an individual entrepreneur or LLC. Help in starting a business

The number of starting businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on the economic performance of the country as a whole and satisfies the ever-growing needs of the population.

Financial support from the state contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce ways to help: various benefits, subsidies, as well as material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to small and medium-sized business owners. To find out if your company falls into this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and annual turnover. The following types of enterprises can count on money from the state:

starting business(up to 15 people on staff with an annual turnover of up to 120 million rubles);
small business(up to 100 people on staff with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
medium business(up to 250 people on staff with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To receive assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
the company is registered with the tax service;
SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of funding are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits and also own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose areas of activity are among their priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

Manufacturing of consumer goods.
Popular trends in folk art.
Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
Housing and communal services.
Agro-industrial department.
The field of science and technology, as well as innovation activities.

How to get help from the state for the development of small businesses in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be repaid after a certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs to citizens, and competition with existing companies increases, which helps improve quality and stabilize prices.

But along with concluding a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill some obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from the moment of receiving funds from the state, a businessman is required to submit a report to the Employment Center with documents on the use of the subsidy. As confirmation, sales or fiscal receipts, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents can be provided. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan that indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if a business operator cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidy funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement stipulate that the activities of the financed small enterprise must last at least one year from the time of opening. This eliminates the possibility of cooperation with fly-by-night companies.

Help can be obtained from many authorities and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here are some of them:

City administration. The Economic Development Division provides information on types of financial support for small businesses.
Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consultations on business, marketing, legal issues, and helps to take part in exhibitions.
Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates funds for the activities of the small enterprise.
Business incubator. This organization provides infrastructure support for the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
Venture fund. Focuses mainly on innovative projects and subsequently invests money in their activities.
Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free training, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list of necessary documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
Insurance certificate (SNILS).
A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which contains information about the salary for three months before the completion of work.
Document confirming the availability of education.
Application from a program participant to receive financial support from the state (using a specially approved form).
Ready business plan.

Money from the Employment Center

The most common way to get help among entrepreneurs is to contact the Employment Center. How is this procedure done?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain unemployed status. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is only available to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
work book;
document on marital status;
education document.

Then you need to draw up a business plan with a detailed description of the project, targeted distribution of funds and an indication of its payback period. The third step is registering the business as an individual entrepreneur.

The regional commission reviews the package of documents within 60 days. If a positive decision is made, an agreement will be concluded between the applicant and the Employment Center, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient’s account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain expenses, such as registering and opening a small business. If the applicant receives a denial notice, he can try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves assistance to beginning businessmen to open a business and to those who have been engaged in entrepreneurial activity for no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

Department of Economic Development.
Funds to support small and medium-sized businesses.
Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for receiving a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to government legislation, companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gaming activities do not receive payments.

Remember that the allocated money is used to cover 30 to 50% of the total cost of the project. A businessman should look for the remaining finances for business development on his own. Don't be afraid of investment, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
Certificate of registration of individual entrepreneur or LLC and business plan.
Bank statement about the amount of your own finances.
Certificate of positive credit history.

The Industry Commission then decides on the provision of funds. The maximum amount of a cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state's priority is the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy program

State plans to subsidize small businesses are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of funds allocated:

Federal programs. They are implemented nationwide, and they are also characterized by a large amount of money allocated for financial support for the opening and development of SMEs. A distinctive feature is that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects whose owners are already conducting commercial activities.
Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and manage the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of an entire region.
Local programs. The scale of implementation is working with city or regional entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The size of the assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for completing the application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent the selection rules. A small business owner should take this into account.

Preferential lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are not able to receive financial support from the state can apply for preferential loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As indicated, the likelihood of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in activities that are a priority for the state.

Advice: If you have any questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for beginning businessmen.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After signing the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. A prerequisite is also investment and investment of the businessman’s own funds in the project. Their number is determined as follows:

20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if repayment of the loan is planned from future income expected after the start of the business project.
There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can you use money from the state for?

As mentioned above, the subsidizing process is the free issuance of funds that facilitate the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and reduced interest rates. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

Payment for rent of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these expenses).
Replenishment of working capital.
Equipment for workplaces.
Purchase of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
Purchase of consumables (the same rules apply - no more than 20% of funds received).
Work related to repairs and opening.
Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates what exactly the subsidy income received was spent on. It is also necessary to submit certificates and receipts to the control authorities.

Intangible options for supporting small businesses

Nowadays, the state is ready to help beginning businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing their capital. There are several other forms of support:

Free training opportunity. Why do many entrepreneurs, when faced with problems, leave business in the first years of activity? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about running their business. Such educational skills (for example, how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides starting businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit the relevant documents to the necessary authorities: paid bills, certificates of completion of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but in an amount not exceeding 40 thousand rubles per year.
Reduced rent. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are located. Remember that you can only get such a discount if the building is municipal property and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the subsequent period the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner receives additional assistance to pay for communications.
Compensation for participation in exhibitions. To popularize and further develop, small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the selection results, the state can help pay the costs of registration, renting a place, transporting exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions for receiving compensation for a small business: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Let's sum it up

The advantage of financial support programs is the ability to increase the capital of small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, concluding an agreement with the relevant government agencies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to make the most of the assistance and fulfill his obligations.

We continue the series of articles about a very common problem for beginning entrepreneurs - where to get start-up capital? Previously, we have already touched upon such a group of investors as in more detail. In this article we will talk about another source of attracting investment - subsidies. This option is suitable for those entrepreneurs who need a very small amount to start their business.

It is quite possible to start your own business even if you have no financial resources and no chance of getting a bank loan. The self-employment program has been running for several years and is aimed at helping low-income citizens of working age become self-sufficient. This option for financing your own business is more likely to support forced entrepreneurship, a very small business. Of course, receiving a subsidy is not the easiest way, but in many cases it is a very realistic and reasonable way to realize your business idea. Moreover, unlike a credit or loan, the paid subsidy is free of charge.

58,800 rubles is the maximum amount of subsidy that can be received under the program of assistance in organizing a business for unemployed citizens.
58,800 = 4900 * 12 months, where 4900 is the maximum amount of unemployment benefits for one month.

The meaning of the subsidy is that an unemployed citizen who wants to open his own business, subject to a number of certain conditions, will receive a lump sum annual benefit. In addition to 58,800 rubles, no more than 4,500 rubles are allocated to reimburse the costs of registering a legal entity or individual entrepreneur. This compensation is transferred only upon registration and submission of documents to the employment center, i.e. Initially you should have this amount on hand.

The requirements for a citizen are listed on the employment center website. If you fit them then

THE PROCEDURE IS FOLLOWING:
1. Take an application to the Employment Center for registration as unemployed and a list of documents that you will need to bring.
2. Register for unemployment at the Employment Center of your district/city.
3. Get recommendations from a specialist at the Employment Center for state registration as a legal entity, individual entrepreneur or farm.
4. You will need to complete a survey and training in order to further participate in this program. Training, of course, is a big word. You will be required to attend seminars that tell you how to run a business in general terms, and at these seminars they will explain to you how to prepare to receive this subsidy. The survey is carried out in order to find out whether you are a sane person or not.
5. Receive two referrals from the Employment Center to potential employers and receive two refusals from them within three days.
6. Repeat step 5 until the eleventh day from the date of your first contact with the central control center.
7. Open a personal account with Sberbank.
8. On the eleventh day from the moment of the first application to the Employment Center, upon receipt of refusals for employment (as a rule, these are 4-6 refusals), the citizen is assigned the status of unemployed.
9. Develop a plan for the implementation of your business idea (business plan) with a description of the planned type of activity, organization of sales of manufactured products, provision of services, performance of work, taxation system, calculation of profitability, as well as calculation of the necessary costs, indicating the sources of their repayment and the deadline implementation for at least 12 months.
See how to make a business plan.
10. Bring a business plan for future activities and an application for a subsidy to the Center for Significance (you can only bring it in printed form - they do not accept electronic ones, so that the system does not crash) for consideration by the commission (up to 20 days).
11. Every two weeks, come to the Central Employment Center to take two new referrals to potential employers and return two previous refusals
12. Repeat this procedure until you sign an agreement with the CZN to receive a subsidy. ATTENTION! Before you receive a notification and enter into an agreement with the Employment Center, do not register an individual entrepreneur or LLC!
13. Defend your business plan (feasibility study) to the commission. If you did it yourself, then it will not be difficult for you to answer all the questions of the certification commission. The duration of protection is approximately 5-7 minutes. The commission has already prepared and studied all the business plans of the applicants invited to defend their projects. Therefore, the defense consists of answers to several questions asked by the commission.
14. Subject to the acceptance of the business plan (feasibility study) by the commission and the availability of funds in the TsZN account for this program, you will approach the stage of signing an agreement “on receiving funds for the development of small businesses and self-employment of unemployed citizens.”
15. Receive funds to your personal account.
16. In a month, you will need to report to the central control center about the funds spent.

As you can see, the procedure is not easy and requires compliance with many formalities. In addition, fulfilling all of the above conditions does not guarantee receipt of a subsidy. The advantage is on the side of citizens who have been registered with the Central Election Commission for a long time. This year it will not be possible to receive a subsidy, since the allocated funds have already been distributed among applicants who have defended their business plans. Despite the complexity of this path, the Labor Center continues to receive applications from the unemployed to receive 58,800 rubles. Try it if this path suits you.

Please note that it is advisable to offer a simple and understandable business idea. The commission members should also be well versed in the subject matter of your proposed business.
If you propose something new or unusual, you run the risk that the commission simply will not be able to evaluate your idea and, accordingly, your idea may not be put into practice. Be careful with ideas such as online business (online store, online business, etc.).

The following business ideas are definitely not accepted for consideration:
- related to trading on the stock exchange (currency, stocks, commodity exchanges);
- where MLM is present;
- alcohol-related;
- opening a pawnshop.

Important! Please remember that the subsidy you receive is subject to taxes in accordance with the tax regime you chose when registering your business. You will also need to stay in your intended business for at least a year from the date of receiving the subsidy under the self-employment program. About thoughts to get money and use it for other purposes. In any case, you will have to purchase equipment for the WHOLE amount of 58,800 rubles. You won't be able to take any of this money in cash.

I would also like to note that you can receive the amount of 58,800 rubles in the central bank twice. The second time is when you employ an officially unemployed person in your business. In other words, if you received the first 58,800 rubles, founded a business and hired an unemployed person, then the employment center will pay you another 58,800 rubles. If there are two employees, then two subsidies, etc. But such a program is valid only for individual entrepreneurs, not for LLCs.

This option is only suitable if you have actually created a working business that generates income! Since in this case (when other people will officially work for you), you will have to seriously report to the tax office, pay your employees wages, make payments for them to the Russian Pension Fund, social insurance, etc. Decide for yourself, either this kind of government assistance on a free basis, or a faster loan, but with interest.

When a person begins to think about his own business, the first question that arises is where to get the money to open an individual entrepreneur. Often, the main options are bank loans and searching for investors, but few people know that the employment center also provides assistance in opening individual entrepreneurs to beginning entrepreneurs and gives them a subsidy. Opening an individual entrepreneur through an employment center requires careful consideration - success in obtaining start-up capital from the state depends on it.

To receive financial assistance for aspiring entrepreneurs, a future businessman must be an unemployed citizen of Russia, be at least 18 years old and register with the labor exchange as an applicant. Registration at the employment center, in addition to the possibility of receiving a subsidy, is no less useful, since applicants who have registered for employment are offered a large number of business courses that will help to obtain more detailed information regarding entrepreneurial activity. The labor exchange staff also has specialists who can help future entrepreneurs draw up a business plan.

Who can join the labor exchange to receive a subsidy?

persons over 18 years of age;
persons registered with the employment center and who are in the status of unemployed;
persons who have been registered with the employment center for more than 1 month and who have been unable to find employment due to the lack of suitable work.

Those who decide to open an individual entrepreneur through an employment center should know that the state has established restrictions due to which not everyone will be able to join the labor exchange and subsequently register their business.

This list includes persons of the following categories:

disabled people from non-working groups;
mothers on maternity leave;
people under 18 years of age;
pensioners;
students;
people working under an employment contract;
people who were previously registered with the employment center and were rejected due to violation of the rules;
entrepreneurs who have already passed state registration as individual entrepreneurs.

Also, those who cannot be on the labor exchange include persons sentenced to imprisonment or correctional labor.

Documents for registration

In order to register with the employment center, the future individual entrepreneur needs to prepare a list of documents:

passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
taxpayer identification code;
employment history;
salary certificate for the last 3 months;
education document.

If a person has not worked during the last calendar year, then a passport and a certificate of education will be sufficient.

After preparing the documents for registration at the labor exchange, you should write a statement that the future entrepreneur needs to register an individual entrepreneur through the employment center, and he wants. The following must be attached to the application:

- a copy of the account opened at the financial institution to which the subsidy will be received (in case of a positive decision by the employment center);
- business plan.

Business plan for an employment center

Most people who need a subsidy to open an individual entrepreneur from the labor exchange are somewhat lost when they learn that they need to draw up a business plan and defend it before an expert commission. However, it is worth saying that there is nothing wrong with this, since a business plan can be written in your own words without using complex terms. The simpler and clearer the plan for the development of the future case is written, the more likely it is that the commission will make a positive decision regarding the applicant.

When drawing up a business plan, it is very important to consider the following points:

characteristics of the project (a few sentences will be enough);
detailed information about what the entrepreneur will do, what goods or services he will provide to his clients;
brief analysis of the competitive market;
description of the stages of business promotion;
description of the production process;
list of personnel planned to be hired;
approximate forecasting of business development, its income and expenses;
financial planning;
evaluative opinion regarding risks.

Opening an individual entrepreneur through the labor exchange cannot be done without drawing up a business plan, and in order for it to be approved, you must adhere to several recommendations:

there is no need to use complex reasoning in the text;
pay more attention to the points where the expenses and income of the future enterprise are described;
You must carefully read the finished business plan and remember all the important points indicated in it.

After drawing up a business plan, you will need to re-read it, save it and print it. Next, the document is sent or handed over personally to the inspector of the employment center, who subsequently forwards it to the boss. The business plan is reviewed in several instances and after that a decision will be made regarding the provision of a subsidy. The final result will be communicated to the applicant by telephone (usually 15 days after sending the business plan to the employment center). In the case where the decision was positive, you can begin to register the individual entrepreneur with the tax inspectorate.

Help for small businesses: organizational support system + 4 detailed options.

A small business that gives its owner financial independence is the dream of everyone who doesn’t want to work for their uncle.

Unfortunately, not everyone can boast of having a decent amount in their account to start their planned project.

Of course, there is always a way out. In this case, there are several of them - be patient and earn capital, take a loan or borrow from relatives/friends/acquaintances.

But there is also an option like small business assistance, which comes in several types.

So, today we will talk about how our state supports the development of beginning and experienced entrepreneurs.

State assistance to small businesses: organizational system for supporting entrepreneurs

The main regulatory act that we need to rely on in our article is Federal Law No. 209 “On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation.”

Its full text can be found by following the link: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_52144

Also, each region has its own body, which is responsible for implementing measures to help entrepreneurs.

Their complete list is posted on the official website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation in the “Small Business” section: https://economy.gov.ru/minec/activity/sections/smallBusiness

Why is it so important to support entrepreneurs?

Thus, in Russia, thanks to small and medium-sized businesses alone, more than 16 million citizens are provided with work (which is a quarter of the total employed population).

In addition, 20% of GDP comes from SMEs, although in the world this figure is close to 35%, so we have room for improvement.

The role of SMEs in the economy of an entire country is very significant. Let's briefly talk about its importance:

creation of new jobs;
formation of healthy competition in the market and adequate pricing of goods and services;
revenues to budgets of all levels;
filling those niches where large businesses cannot fit in (providing household services to the population, small wholesale, marketing).

But small and medium-sized business owners have to constantly face problems and difficulties:

economic instability in the country;
lack of financial resources both for opening and developing a business;
high tax burden and complexity of preparing financial statements;
constant changes in legislation;
lack of personnel (qualified specialists prefer to work for business “sharks”, ignoring entrepreneurs);
difficulty in obtaining loans (not every bank wants to get involved with a small business).

Agree, not every experienced businessman will be able to withstand the difficulties described above, what can we say about beginners.

That is why the state must provide assistance to entrepreneurs.

In 2016, more than 11 billion rubles were allocated from the Russian budget to support SMEs.

But, unfortunately, the amount of assistance to small businesses from the state tends to decrease.

Thus, in 2014, about 20 billion rubles were allocated to support SMEs, and already in 2015 - 17 billion. In 2016, it was planned to provide financial assistance in the amount of almost 15 billion from the federal budget, but in fact it turned out to be 11 billion.

In 2017, this trend towards a decrease in financial assistance continues. The state is ready to provide only 7.5 billion rubles.

Therefore, those who count on it will have to make a lot of effort to get it.

The structure of expenses for assistance to small businesses in 2017 looks like this:

Expenses	Amount, billion
Establishment of infrastructure for SME development	3,06
Activities to support single-industry municipalities	0,74
Creation and development of information and consulting support	0,72
Creation of infrastructure to support SMEs operating in the field of innovation and industrial production	0,69
Completion of capital construction projects	1,6
Promoting the development of youth entrepreneurship	0,23
Creation of multifunctional business centers	0,135

We’ve sorted out the numbers and facts, but what is the government’s assistance to small businesses?

So, there are the following forms of support for SMEs:

financial - provision of financial resources for opening and developing small businesses (compensations, subsidies, grants, soft loans);
property - provision of state property to entrepreneurs on the right of use (land plots, industrial premises);
information and consulting- formation of information systems, as well as free consultations on doing business (trainings, seminars, courses);
infrastructure- creating comfortable conditions for doing business, as well as creating business incubators, multi-purpose funds, entrepreneur centers;
organizational- assistance in participation in exhibitions and fairs.

Help for small businesses: who can count?

The priority areas that the state is ready to help are:

area of food and industrial production;
innovation;
provision of household and utility services;
healthcare;
tourism, in particular ecotourism;
folk craft and creativity.

Help for small and medium-sized businesses: 4 types

In general, we can distinguish 4 types of financial assistance to small and medium-sized businesses from the state. Let's look at each of them.

1. Money from the employment center (self-employment grant).

In order to combat unemployment and informal employment, the state is ready to provide one-time financial assistance for starting a small business.

The amount of assistance in 2017 is 58.8 thousand rubles.

If your business can provide work for one or more citizens, then the self-employment grant can be increased by 58.8 thousand rubles. for each hired employee.

This program applies exclusively to the opening of individual entrepreneurship and cannot be applied to:

minors (under 16 years of age) and pensioners;
full-time students;
current individual entrepreneurs or founders of LLC;
citizens with disabilities belonging to a non-working group;
young mothers on maternity leave;
those who work under an employment contract;
those who refused the job offered at the employment center.

In addition to the documents that must be submitted in order to register with the employment center, in order to receive government assistance for small businesses, you will need:

statement;
copy of bank account;
project.

If you are unemployed and want to get start-up capital to start your own business, you will need to take the following steps:

So, your application is approved, after which they will conclude an agreement with you that you have received money to open a business. The funds received must be spent only for their intended purpose and must be moved strictly according to plan.

You must appear within the deadlines established by the employment center to provide reports on the funds spent.

In case of violation of the terms of the contract (misuse, termination of business activities ahead of schedule), you will have to receive the assistance you received.

2. Grants for beginning entrepreneurs.

This option of helping small businesses from the state is suitable for those who have a certain amount for its opening and development.

That is, funds are ready to compensate part of the costs of opening a business in the amount of up to 500 thousand rubles.

The grant scheme is as follows:

Drawing up a strategy.

This includes drawing up a detailed business plan that will cover production, organizational, financial, and marketing issues.

Study of public funds.

On the ministry’s website you can find bodies and funds that are ready to support.

Familiarize yourself with the areas and requirements for candidates in which organizations operate.

Preparation of documents and application.

You need to approach this stage with all responsibility, because if even one document is missing or the application is filled out incorrectly, the commission may reject your candidacy.

Submitting an application and waiting for the commission's decision.

The commission draws up a certain point system by which it evaluates submitted projects.

The one who scores the most points will become the recipient of the grant.

The funds received can be spent on the purchase of equipment, equipment, raw materials, and covering rent, but not to pay salaries to employees. In any case, the use of money should be targeted.

Unfortunately, not everyone can receive such a grant to open a small and medium-sized business.

For the rational distribution of financial resources, the state can determine various requirements for candidates:

entrepreneurial age no more than 2 years;
completing basic courses on entrepreneurship;
the business should not be associated with gaming, banking, insurance activities, as well as the provision of intermediary services and resale of goods;
absence of debts to the state;
employment of a certain number of people.

laid off from their previous place of work;
university graduates;
single mother;
retired military;
disabled people.

Ideas that the commission will consider for grants:

innovation;
socially significant industries;
Agriculture;
export-oriented production;
education;
tourism;
advertising, marketing.

3. Loan on preferential terms.

Getting a loan from a bank is quite difficult and painstaking work, which does not always end in success.

Therefore, why not try your luck and ask for a loan from the state, but on preferential terms?

The essence of obtaining a preferential loan comes down to the following:

Guaranteed lending support is provided by the Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises.
As of this year, preferential rates for lending to small businesses are 11%, for medium-sized ones - 10% (for comparison: you can take out a loan on regular terms at 24-25% per annum).
The maximum loan size is 1 billion rubles, and the term is 3 years.
Loans are issued to those entrepreneurs whose successful activities last for about six months.
Loans are not issued to those who are on the verge of bankruptcy, who have outstanding debts and questionable credit history.

A loan on preferential terms can be issued for the following purposes:

increase in working capital;
purchase of real estate and transport for doing business;
participation in government contracts.

4. Subsidizing small and medium-sized businesses.

Assistance to small businesses from the state in the form of subsidies is carried out on the basis of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1605: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_173683

For those who don’t know: subsidies are the receipt of a certain amount of funds for specific purposes.

As a rule, money is issued free of charge and irrevocably. Unlike a grant, the amounts of which are received in tranches, the subsidy is received in one amount at once.

To help small and medium-sized businesses, the following types of subsidies are issued in the following amounts:

Type of subsidy	Sum
Subsidies for loan interest reimbursement	Compensation of 3/4 of the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the date of conclusion of the loan agreement (up to 5 million rubles and no more than 70% of the actual costs incurred)
Subsidies for reimbursement of part of the costs under financial lease (leasing) agreements	5 million rubles. (but not more than 30% of the cost of the leased item)
Compensation for part of the costs associated with training and (or) advanced training of employees	75% of the cost of training, but not more than 90 thousand rubles, for each trained employee
Reimbursement of part of the costs associated with the payment of the first payment (advance payment) when concluding an equipment leasing agreement for the purpose of creating and (or) developing and (or) modernizing the production of goods (works, services)	100% of the paid fee (advance payment) of the equipment leasing agreement, but not more than 3 million rubles.

The size of subsidies may differ in different regions, but the scheme for issuing them is approximately the same:

Compliance check:
- the period of activity of the enterprise is no more than 2 years;
- no debt;
- the candidate himself is able to cover the costs of the project in the amount of 50% of the total amount.
Filing an application
Acceptance of application
Competitive selection
Receiving subsidies, providing reports on the targeted use of assistance to small businesses.

The new government program gives beginners the opportunity

entrepreneurs to open their own business.

How to get this help is described in detail in the video:

Small Business Assistance Program

In 2017, the following government assistance programs for small businesses will be in effect:

“Cooperation” - you can get up to 20 million rubles. for business development, namely: improving the quality of the goods produced or services provided;
“Development” - the maximum amount of assistance to small businesses can be 15 million rubles, which must be spent on improving production and creating new jobs;
“Start” - carried out in 3 stages: 1 million rubles, 2 million rubles. and 3 million rubles. This small business assistance program focuses on the creation of new products and technologies.

The proposed list does not end here, since there are many other programs, as well as funds that provide support to entrepreneurs.

Help for small businesses is not limited only to the state. There are many foreign venture and investment funds that are ready to cooperate with young and promising entrepreneurs.

You just need to knock on all doors, and not wait for someone to sponsor your idea.

Of course, those who produce a socially significant product or have made an innovative breakthrough have a greater chance of success. But again, everything is in your hands, so don’t be lazy and start taking action.

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Moving to the countryside confronted our family with a fact: there is no work in the village. This means you need to create your own workplace and generate income yourself. The choice of direction of activity was also obvious - agriculture in the Novgorod region needs to be improved.

Nine of my mistakes on the way to a grant

There were no special savings left - everything was spent on moving, and starting such a seasonal business from scratch is difficult. You will want to eat tomorrow, but the income from livestock or crop production will not be received soon. The same fact predetermined the refusal to apply for a loan - the bank will have to pay regularly, and it is impossible to grow agricultural products taking into account the loan repayment schedule.

Entrepreneur Petr Tatarintsev received a grant for starting a business of 150,000 rubles and shares his experience with visitors to the Moneymaker Factory.

The all-knowing Internet comes to the rescue, where you need to look not for how to earn 100,000 rubles in two days with minimal investment, but for very specific information about financial support for aspiring entrepreneurs. It turned out that in every region of the country there are at least two different programs to support newly minted businessmen:

Subsidy under the self-employment program, provided based on the results of an interview and defense of your business plan at the Employment Center - 58.8 thousand rubles for every unemployed person who will be employed in a newly created enterprise;
Grant for aspiring entrepreneurs from the Ministry of Economic Development with the direct participation of regions organizing competitive selection and evaluation of applications - 300 thousand rubles for the implementation of the project.

I failed with the first option - back in March, 5 people had already applied for the only subsidy allocated to our district under a quota. Having decided that I could not withstand such fierce competition, and the amount was not so attractive to fight for, I went to the administration for information to find out the conditions for receiving a grant under the second option.

In the department of economics and agriculture I was welcomed with open arms. Our area is not particularly prosperous and business is tight here, so they are ready to support every new business “from start to finish.” It was thanks to this that I eventually went through all the steps of the procedure for obtaining a grant - in any local authority they were willing to meet me and help me correct my mistakes. Otherwise I won’t see this money.

Error 1. Information about the program: a territorial reference is needed

I naively thought that the information I received on the Internet about government subsidies was quite sufficient. It turned out that the federal program operates throughout the country, but its main conditions are left to the regional authorities. Current information can only be obtained from the regulations of the relevant region.

The peculiarity of this procedure for preparing and approving specific criteria and program activities is that first the region must approve its version of the program, and on its basis a comprehensive document will be developed directly in the region. As a result, the main parameters and conditions for issuing grants to start-up entrepreneurs in our locality were adjusted only by June.

Mistake 2. Registration: no need to rush

I studied the final version of the competition regulations after the registration of the individual entrepreneur. If I had not listened to the tax inspector and chosen other OKVED codes, I would not have been able to take part in the competitive selection, because only businesses in the following areas can count on state support:

agriculture (OKVED 01.1 - 01.4);
construction (OKVED 45.2 - 45.4);
manufacturing (OKVED 15, 17-22 and 24 - 37);
social, communal and personal services (OKVED 74.7, 74.84, 93);
craft activities.

A specific area sets its own priorities, so in our case these types of activities included livestock farming, and in the neighboring area, all other things being equal, a grant was allocated to manufacturing enterprises. Although, even if the type of activity I had chosen had not been classified as a priority, there was still enough time to make changes and add the necessary OKVED.

Mistake 3. Collecting documents: pay attention to their expiration date

After quickly registering with the tax office and registering as an employer in extra-budgetary funds, according to the requirements of the program, it was still necessary to acquire a bank account. At the Sberbank branch, an account was opened for me in a few days; all I had to do was fill out a signature card and write a corresponding application with a request to open a current account for an individual entrepreneur. The received bank account agreement had to supplement the following package of documents for submitting an application for participation in the grant competition:

Certificate of registration of individual entrepreneur;
Passport and TIN certificate;
Extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs;
Information letter with statistics codes;
Certificate from the tax office confirming the absence of debt;
Certificate from the Pension Fund, Social Insurance Fund, Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund confirming the absence of debt to them;
A personally written certificate of the amount of revenue for previous reporting periods (why is it needed if I have just registered as an entrepreneur?);
Certificate of the average number of employees for the past year (of course, all zeros).

Addition: Leave an application to open a current account with Sberbank.

It was necessary to take into account two factors - the speed of issuing all these documents and their validity period. An extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs loses its relevance in 30 days, a certificate from the tax office in 10 days, and it is better to take confirmation of the absence of obligations to extra-budgetary funds on the same day when you plan to submit the application.

I had to order certificates several times that had lost their “freshness,” but it’s good that they were free. In addition, at the last moment I was saved by the opportunity to order an urgent extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs, which takes 1-2 days to prepare, rather than 5 working days.

Mistake 4. Business plan: following a specific format

To participate in the program to support beginning entrepreneurs, you need not only to present registration documents, but also to describe in detail your upcoming activities. For this purpose, not just any business plan downloaded from the Internet is suitable, but a comprehensive document drawn up based on the results of training in courses on business fundamentals.

In Veliky Novgorod, on the basis of the Entrepreneurship Support Fund, training was organized for everyone who wanted to receive government support in the form of a free subsidy.

As someone who has a higher education in economics, I did not need to take these short-term courses; I only needed to use the proposed scheme to draw up a business plan when submitting an application. The rest underwent training and attached a certificate of completion of these courses to their application for participation in the Entrepreneurship Support Program.

The business plan needed:

indicate the features of production;
describe the products manufactured;
characterize the organizational processes at the enterprise, taking into account the calendar plan;
calculate the required amount of investment;
forecast financial flows;
list possible risks and ways to minimize them.

In the additional application form attached to this document, it was necessary to calculate the budgetary efficiency of the project - the volume of tax deductions, and also indicate the number of jobs created. It was necessary to calculate other project indicators using the given formulas.

Mistake 5. Expense items: you can’t spend on everything

Funds received from the budget can be spent exclusively on those purposes that are specified as clearly and transparently as possible in the business plan and application. No deviation is provided. An additional limitation is the fact that only fixed assets that are directly involved in the business and generate income can be purchased with the grant funds. You cannot pay off debts to creditors or pay salaries to employees or make other current expenses using the grant.

For this reason, when filling out the application, I had to immediately think through the process of acquiring assets, taking into account the fact that I would have to confirm the intended use of funds - with payment documents. Difficulties arose - it was difficult for me to confirm the fact of the purchase and sale transaction of farm animals in private household plots.

It was necessary to draw up an agreement between an individual and an individual entrepreneur, which took into account all the main parameters of this transaction. Subsequently, this agreement became part of the report on the expenditure of budget funds and they did not immediately agree to accept it.

Mistake 6. Competition: important selection criteria

The commission takes into account only a few of the most important criteria to evaluate applicants, assigning points to each indicator:

Job creation - from 1 to 5 points when employing 1 to 10 workers or more;
Applicant's age under 30 years - 1 point, over - 0 points;
Own investments from 0 to 100% of the project cost - from 1 to 5 points;
Priority activities - 1 point, any other permitted activity - 0 points.

A prerequisite is that the entrepreneur must register for no longer than one year, as well as carry out activities in the territory of the region where he was registered. There are other indicators that the commission evaluates; they are spelled out in the regulations of the competition and, as it turns out, differ significantly in different regions of the country.

Mistake 7. Regional characteristics of the grant program

I was very mistaken that I had comprehensive information about the program, having studied the experience of several regions. It turned out that in the Novgorod region a grant can be received in the amount of 70% of the cost of the entire project, and also based on the fact of expenses.

That is, in order for me to receive 300 thousand from the budget, I would first need to make documented expenses for a similar amount and plan to shell out at least another 130 thousand rubles from my own pocket for business development.

In 2013, in other regions, for example, in the Sverdlovsk region, to participate in the program it is enough to undergo training, write a business proposal and pay 15% of the costs of launching a newly registered company, the rest will be paid for through a grant from the budget. In St. Petersburg, the ratio of own and requested funds from the budget should be 30 and 70%, respectively. Well, I had to curb my appetites and be content with the amount of 150 thousand rubles, because I had already invested approximately that much in my farming and could confirm these expenses with receipts.

Error 8. Deadlines for receiving funds: delay in payments from the budget

But I was unable to meet the expected expenses at my own expense in order to compensate them with funds from the budget - I decided to wait for the grant to be paid and then buy all the necessary equipment and young animals. This was another mistake of mine. During my first visits to the administration, when I was still conducting reconnaissance, I congratulated the employees on March 8, and when I came for the money, I congratulated them on the New Year.

Despite the fact that the money arrived in my account on December 20, I had to report on the expenses made on the 25th so that the administration would have time to accept the report before the end of the year. It was this feature of budget subsidies that cost me many lost months and nerves. The procedure for submitting grant reports turned out to be the simplest - I brought sales receipts for the purchase of equipment and an agreement for the purchase of farm animals, in the amount corresponding to the application with a business plan.

Mistake 9. Reporting: late implementation of the project

Since I did not receive the money in June, as expected, my entire project execution schedule shifted somewhat. In the spring of next year, I should have already received a solid income and given work to 3 residents of the area. However, this was only done with a delay of six months.

To report at the end of the first quarter, I must provide the administration with a certificate of the average number of personnel and a certificate of tax deductions and the absence of debt before payments to the budget and extra-budgetary funds. As a result, they only asked me for an explanation about the reason for such a delay in the development of my farm and did not demand a return of the funds received, although under the terms of the agreement they could well have been forced to return this money. By the end of this year, I reached the planned sales volumes and capacity of my enterprise.

Now that I have experience interacting with local administration and knowledge of the nuances of receiving and using budget funds, I understand that free cheese is not only in a mousetrap.